USP 32 General Notices 11
10.30.90. Protection From Freezing Na and K are intended for use in abbreviating names of the salts of
Where, in addition to the risk of breakage of the container, freez- organic acids, but these symbols are not used where the word So-
ing subjects an article to loss of strength or potency, or to destruc- dium or Potassium appears at the beginning of an official title (e.g.,
tive alteration of its characteristics, the container label bears an ap- Phenobarbital Na is acceptable, but Na Salicylate is not to be
propriate instruction to protect the article from freezing. written).
10.30.100. Dry Place 10.40.40. Labeling Vitamin-Containing Products
The term “dry place” denotes a place that does not exceed 40% The vitamin content of an official drug product shall be stated on
average relative humidity at Controlled Room Temperature or the the label in metric units per dosage unit. The amounts of vitamins
equivalent water vapor pressure at other temperatures. The determi- A, D, and E may be stated also in USP Units. Quantities of vitamin
nation may be made by direct measurement at the place or may be A declared in metric units refer to the equivalent amounts of retinol
based on reported climatic conditions. Determination is based on (vitamin A alcohol). The label of a nutritional supplement shall bear
not less than 12 equally spaced measurements that encompass either an identifying lot number, control number, or batch number.
a season, a year, or, where recorded data demonstrate, the storage
10.40.50. Labeling Botanical-Containing Products
period of the article. There may be values of up to 45% relative
The label of an herb or other botanical intended for use as a diet-
humidity provided that the average value is 40% relative humidity.
ary supplement bears the statement, “If you are pregnant or nursing
Storage in a container validated to protect the article from mois-
a baby, seek the advice of a health professional before using this
ture vapor, including storage in bulk, is considered storage in a dry
product.”
place.
10.40.60. Labeling Parenteral And Topical Preparations
10.40. Labeling
The label of a preparation intended for parenteral or topical use
The term “labeling” designates all labels and other written,
states the names of all added substances (see 5.20., Added Sub-
printed, or graphic matter upon an immediate container of an article
stances, Excipients, and Ingredients and see Labeling under Injec-
or upon, or in, any package or wrapper in which it is enclosed, ex-
tions 〈1〉), and, in the case of parenteral preparations, also their
cept any outer shipping container. The term “label” designates that
amounts or proportions, except that for substances added for adjust-
part of the labeling upon the immediate container.
ment of pH or to achieve isotonicity, the label may indicate only
A shipping container containing a single article, unless such
their presence and the reason for their addition.
container is also essentially the immediate container or the outside
10.40.70. Labeling Electrolytes
of the consumer package, is labeled with a minimum of product
The concentration and dosage of electrolytes for replacement
identification (except for controlled articles), lot number, expiration
therapy (e.g., sodium chloride or potassium chloride) shall be stated
date, and conditions for storage and distribution.
on the label in milliequivalents (mEq). The label of the product
Articles in these compendia are subject to compliance with such
shall indicate also the quantity of ingredient(s) in terms of weight or
labeling requirements as may be promulgated by governmental bod-
percentage concentration.
ies in addition to the compendial requirements set forth for the
10.40.80. Labeling Alcohol
articles.
The content of alcohol in a liquid preparation shall be stated on
10.40.10. Amount of Ingredient Per Dosage Unit
the label as a percentage (v/v) of C
2
H
5
OH.
The strength of a drug product is expressed on the container label
10.40.90. Special Capsules and Tablets
in terms of micrograms or milligrams or grams or percentage of the
The label of any form of Capsule or Tablet intended for adminis-
therapeutically active moiety or drug substance, whichever form is
tration other than by swallowing intact bears a prominent indication
used in the title, unless otherwise indicated in an individual mono-
of the manner in which it shall be used.
graph. Both the active moiety and drug substance names and their
10.40.100. Expiration Date and Beyond-Use Date
equivalent amounts are then provided in the labeling.
The label of an official drug product or nutritional or dietary sup-
Official articles in capsule, tablet, or other unit dosage form shall
plement product shall bear an expiration date. All articles shall dis-
be labeled to express the quantity of each active ingredient or rec-
play the expiration date so that it can be read by an ordinary indi-
ognized nutrient contained in each such unit; except that, in the case
vidual under customary conditions of purchase and use. The
of unit-dose oral solutions or suspensions, whether supplied as liq-
expiration date shall be prominently displayed in high contrast to
uid preparations or as liquid preparations that are constituted from
the background or sharply embossed, and easily understood (e.g.,
solids upon addition of a designated volume of a specific diluent,
“EXP 6/08,” “Exp. June 08,” or “Expires 6/08”). [
NOTE
—For addi-
the label shall express the quantity of each active ingredient or rec-
tional information and guidance, refer to the Consumer Healthcare
ognized nutrient delivered under the conditions prescribed in Deliv-
Products Association’s Voluntary Codes and Guidelines of the Self-
erable Volume 〈698〉. Official drug products not in unit dosage form
Medication Industry.]
shall be labeled to express the quantity of each active ingredient in
The monographs for some preparations state how the expiration
each milliliter or in each gram, or to express the percentage of each
date that shall appear on the label shall be determined. In the ab-
such ingredient (see 8.140., Percentage Concentrations), except
sence of a specific requirement in the individual monograph for a
that oral liquids or solids intended to be constituted to yield oral
drug product or nutritional supplement, the label shall bear an expi-
liquids may, alternatively, be labeled in terms of each 5-mL portion
ration date assigned for the particular formulation and package of
of the liquid or resulting liquid. Unless otherwise indicated in a
the article, with the following exception: the label need not show an
monograph or chapter, such declarations of strength or quantity
expiration date in the case of a drug product or nutritional supple-
shall be stated only in metric units. See also 5.50.10., Units of Po-
ment packaged in a container that is intended for sale without pre-
tency (Biological).
scription and the labeling of which states no dosage limitations, and
10.40.20. Use of Leading and Terminal Zeros
which is stable for not less than 3 years when stored under the pre-
To help minimize the possibility of errors in the dispensing and
scribed conditions.
administration of drugs, the quantity of active ingredient when ex-
Where an official article is required to bear an expiration date,
pressed in whole numbers shall be shown without a decimal point
such article shall be dispensed solely in, or from, a container la-
that is followed by a terminal zero (e.g., express as 4 mg [not
beled with an expiration date, and the date on which the article is
4.0 mg]). The quantity of active ingredient when expressed as a
dispensed shall be within the labeled expiry period. The expiration
decimal number smaller than 1 shall be shown with a zero preced-
date identifies the time during which the article may be expected to
ing the decimal point (e.g., express as 0.2 mg [not .2 mg]).
meet the requirements of the compendial monograph, provided it is
10.40.30. Labeling of Salts of Drugs
kept under the prescribed storage conditions. The expiration date
It is an established principle that official articles shall have only
limits the time during which the article may be dispensed or used.
one official title. For purposes of saving space on labels, and be-
Where an expiration date is stated only in terms of the month and
cause chemical symbols for the most common inorganic salts of
the year, it is a representation that the intended expiration date is the
drugs are well known to practitioners as synonymous with the writ-
last day of the stated month. The beyond-use date is the date after
ten forms, the following alternatives are permitted in labeling offi-
which an article shall not be used. The dispenser shall place on the
cial articles that are salts: HCl for hydrochloride; HBr for
label of the prescription container a suitable beyond-use date to
hydrobromide; Na for sodium; and K for potassium. The symbols