A Death Before Dying | 11
Haney,
supra
note 9, at 133.
Id.
Haney,
supra
note 9, at 137;
see generally
Brodsky & Scogin,
supra
note 10.
Haney,
supra
note 9, at 133.
Id.
Grassian,
supra
note 8, at 1453; Eric Lanes,
The Association of Administrative Segregation Placement and Other Risk
Factors with the Self-Injury-Free Time of Male Prisoners
, 48 J. OFFENDER REHABILITATION 529, 539-40 (2009).
Paul Gendreau, N.L. Freedman, & G.J.S. Wilde,
Changes in EEG Alpha Frequency and Evoked Response Latency
During Solitary Confinement
, 79 J. ABNORMAL PSYCH. 54, 57-58 (1972).
Human Rights Watch,
Ill-Equipped: U.S. Prisons and Offenders with Mental Illness
149 n. 513
(2003).
Expert Report of Professor Craig Haney at 45-46, n. 119,
Coleman v. Schwarzenegger/ Plata v. Schwarzenegger
, No:
Civ S 90-0520 LKK-JFM P, C01-1351 THE (E.D. Cal/N.D. Cal. Aug. 15, 2008).
See generally
J. Metzner & J. Fellner,
Solitary Confinement and Mental Illness in U.S. Prisons: A Challenge for
Medical Ethics
, 38 J. AM. ACAD. PSYCHIATRY LAW 104-108 (2010).
Reassessing Solitary Confinement: The Human Rights, Fiscal and Public Safety Consequences: Hearing Before the
Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights and Human Rights of the Senate Judiciary Committee,
112
th
Cong. 8
(2012)
(written testimony of Professor Craig Haney) (footnote omitted),
available at
http://www.durbin.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/files/serve?File_id=60d33684-06d6-4cf1-bd95-58564e9dc8e8.
Expert Report of Professor Craig Haney
supra
note 29.
See
,
e.g.
,
Ruiz v. Johnson
, 37 F. Supp. 2d 855, 915 (S.D. Tex. 1999),
rev’d on other grounds
, 243 F.3d 941 (5th Cir. 2001),
adhered to on remand
, 154 F. Supp. 2d 975 (S.D. Tex. 2001) (“Conditions in TDCJ-ID’s administrative segregation units
clearly violate constitutional standards when imposed on the subgroup of the plaintiffs’ class made up of mentally-ill
prisoners”);
Coleman v. Wilson
, 912 F. Supp. 1282, 1320-21 (E.D. Cal. 1995);
Madrid v. Gomez
, 889 F. Supp. 1146, 1265-66
(N.D. Cal. 1995);
Casey v. Lewis
, 834 F. Supp. 1477, 1549-50 (D. Ariz. 1993);
Langley v. Coughlin
, 715 F. Supp. 522, 540
(S.D.N.Y. 1988) (holding that evidence of prison officials’ failure to screen out from SHU “those individuals who, by virtue
of their mental condition, are likely to be severely and adversely affected by placement there” states an Eighth
Amendment claim).
AM. PSYCH. ASSOC., POSITION STATEMENTS: SEGREGATION OF PRISONERS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS (2012),
available at
http://www.psychiatry.org/advocacy--newsroom/position-statements.
See
Bureau of Justice Statistics,
Capital Punishment, 2010 - Statistical Tables
(December 20, 2011), available at
http://bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=2236.
See
Texas Department of Criminal Justice,
Death Row Facts
, available at
http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/dr_facts.html.
Death Penalty Information Center,
Innocence and the Death Penalty
, available at
http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/innocence-and-death-penalty (stating current number of exonerations); Death Penalty
Information Center,
Executions by Year Since 1976
, available at http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/executions-year