SEGREGATION IN ACTION - Johannesburg

KEEPING PEOPLE APART

• Segregation and early Johannesburg

SEGREGATION AS POLICY

– Segregating the city

– Residential segregation

• Inﬂux control

SEGREGATING THE WORKPLACE

• The ‘civilized labour’ policy

SEGREGATING POLITICAL RIGHTS

RESISTANCE TO SEGREGATION

– The ANC

– Indian passive resistance

– The APO

– The AAC

– The ICU: A taste of freedom

THE GREAT DEPRESSION

– Zack Zampetakis remembers what it was like growing

up as a young Greek boy during the Depression.

– Es’kia Mphahlele remembers what it was like to be

a young African boy who lived during the Depression.

SEGREGATION

IN ACTION

   ] $IBQUFS4FHSFHBUJPOJOBDUJPO

KEEPING PEOPLE APART

GRADE 8

$POUFOU

*OEVTUSJBMJ[BUJPOJO

4PVUI"GSJDBDIBOHJOHXPSLBOE

MJWFTJO4PVUI"GSJDBPOUIFNJOFT

UIFMBOEBOEJOUIFDJUJFT

GRADE 11

$POUFOU

)PXVOJRVFXBT

BQBSUIFJEIPXXBTTFHSFHBUJPO

BGPVOEBUJPOGPSBQBSUIFJE 

5IF"QBSUIFJE.VTFVNEJTQMBZTUIJTXBMMTJ[FEQIPUPHSBQIPGIVOESFETPGNJOFSTPGBMM

SBDFTTJUUJOHUPHFUIFS*UJTBSFMBYFEQIPUPBOEUIFSFJTBTFOTFPGFBTFBOEOBUVSBMOFTT

#VUUIFNVOJDJQBMBVUIPSJUJFTBOEUIFNJOJOHCPTTFTPS3BOEMPSETEJEOPUBQQSPWFPG

UIJTSBDJBMNJYJOH

5IFZXBOUFECMBDLTBOEXIJUFTUPCFLFQUBQBSUJOBMMBSFBTPGQPTTJCMFDPOUBDU

°XIFSFUIFZMJWFEBUXPSLJOSVOOJOHUIFHPWFSONFOUBOEJOQVCMJDQMBDFT5IFZDSFBUFE

MBXTBOEGPSDFETFQBSBUJPOPOUIFQFPQMF5IJTXBTUIFCFHJOOJOHPGTFHSFHBUJPO

Segregation and early Johannesburg

 +PIBOOFTCVSH

"GFXTUFQTBXBZGSPNUIFQIPUPHSBQIPGUIFNJOFSTIBOHTPOFPGUIFFBSMJFTUNBQTPG

+PIBOOFTCVSHQVCMJTIFEJO*UTIPXTUIBUGSPNUIFFBSMJFTUEBZTUIFNVOJDJQBMBVUIPS

JUJFTQMBOOFEUPLFFQUIFEJGGFSFOUSBDJBMHSPVQTBQBSU5IFSFBSFEJGGFSFOUBSFBTDMFBSMZ

NBSLFEPVUGPS"GSJDBODPMPVSFE*OEJBOBOEXIJUFSFTJEFOUT

Activity 1: Analysing a map

8IBUEPUIFOBNFTPGDFSUBJOBSFBTUFMMVTBCPVUUIFXBZUIBUNVOJDJQBM

BVUIPSJUJFTWJFXFECMBDLT

'SPNBOBOBMZTJTPGUIFNBQBOEUIFBDDPNQBOZJOHUFYUXIFSFEPZPVUIJOL

SBDJBMNJYJOHXBTUIFHSFBUFTU &YQMBJOZPVSBOTXFS

5IFHPMESFFGJO+PIBOOFTCVSHSBOGSPNFBTUUPXFTU#FBSJOHUIJTJONJOE

FYQMBJOXIZUIFSBJMXBZMJOFXBTCVJMUJOUIFQPTJUJPOJUXBT





8IBUEPFTUIFQISBTF´GSPNUIFXSPOHTJEFPGUIFUSBDLTµNFBO 





%PZPVUIJOLOPSUIPSTPVUIXBT´UIFXSPOHTJEFPGUIFUSBDLTµPOUIJTNBQ 

&YQMBJOZPVSBOTXFS





(3"%&-0"4

(3"%&-0"4

(3"%&-0"4BOE

5PCFHJOXJUIIPXFWFSTFHSFHBUJPOXBTOPUTUSJDUMZBQQMJFEBOESBDJBMNJYJOHBNPOHTU

UIFQPPSXBTBDPNNPOGFBUVSFPGFBSMZ+PIBOOFTCVSH'PSFYBNQMF#VSHFSTEPSQXBT

TVQQPTFEUPCFBOBMMXIJUFTVCVSCBOEXBTJOIBCJUFEMBSHFMZCZXPSLJOHDMBTT"GSJLBOFST

:FUWFSZTPPOCMBDLTBMTPCFHBOUPMJWFJOUIFBSFB

"TNPSFBOENPSFQFPQMFGMPDLFEUPUIF3BOEJOTFBSDIPGXPSLTMVNTEFWFMPQFEJO

UIFQPPSFSBSFBT#FDBVTFUIFTMVNTXFSFVOEFSTFSWJDFEBOEPWFSDSPXEFEEJTFBTFT

PGUFOCSPLFPVUJOUIFTFBSFBT*OUIFSFXBTBOPVUCSFBLPGCVCPOJDQMBHVFJOUIF

´$PPMJFµ-PDBUJPOBOEUIF#SJDLGJFMET*OTUFBEPGEFBMJOHXJUIUIFDBVTFTPGEJTFBTFUIF

NVOJDJQBMBVUIPSJUJFTVTFEUIJTBTBOFYDVTFUPCVSOEPXOUIF´$PPMJFµ-PDBUJPO

5IF"GSJDBOTXIPMJWFEJOUIF´$PPMJFµ-PDBUJPOXFSFSFNPWFEUP,MJQTQSVJU5IJTXBT

UXFOUZLJMPNFUSFTPVUTJEFPGUPXOBOEXBTUPCFDPNFUIFGJSTUTVCVSCPG4PXFUPNBOZ

ZFBSTMBUFS

New words

NVOJDJQBMBVUIPSJUJFT

°UIFMPDBMUPXOPSDJUZ

DPVODJMSFTQPOTJCMFGPSUIF

BENJOJTUSBUJPOPGUIFUPXO

PSDJUZFMFDUFECZXIJUF

SBUFQBZFST

TMVNT°BSFBTPGBUPXO

PSBDJUZXIFSFWFSZQPPS

QFPQMFMJWFJOFYUSFNFMZ

PWFSDSPXEFEBOEOFHMFDUFE

DPOEJUJPOT

CVCPOJDQMBHVF°BEJTFBTF

UIBUTXFQUUISPVHI&VSPQFJO

UIFGPVSUFFOUIDFOUVSZBOE

UPPLUIFMJWFTPGNJMMJPOTPG

QFPQMF*UFWFOUVBMMZTQSFBE

BDSPTTUIFXPSMEUISPVHI

USBEFBOEXBTDBSSJFECZ

SBUTJOTMVNTMJLFUIF´$PPMJFµ

-PDBUJPO

´$PPMJFµ°BOPGGFOTJWFXPSE

GPS*OEJBO

 5IF"QBSUIFJE.VTFVNEJTQMBZTUIJTQIPUPHSBQIXIJDITIPXTUIFCVSOJOHEPXOPGUIF´$PPMJFµ-PDBUJPO

,FFQJOHQFPQMFBQBSU]

   ] $IBQUFS4FHSFHBUJPOJOBDUJPO

5IFEFDFBTFEDIJMEIBEUPCFCVSJFECVUXIFSF

XIFOBOEIPX &WFODSJNJOBMTESPQQJOHTUSBJHIU

GSPNUIFHBMMPXTIBWFBOVOEJTQVUFEDMBJNUP

TJYGFFUPGHSPVOEPOXIJDIUPSFTUUIFJSDSJNJOBM

SFNBJOTCVUVOEFSUIFDSVFMPQFSBUJPOPGUIF

-BOE"DUMJUUMFDIJMESFOXIPTFPOMZDSJNFJTUIBU

(PEEJEOPUNBLFUIFNXIJUFBSFTPNFUJNFT

EFOJFEUIBUSJHIUJOUIFJSBODFTUSBMIPNF

"EBQUFEGSPN/BUJWF-JGFJO4PVUI"GSJDBCZ4PM51MBBUKF

SEGREGATION AS POLICY

GRADE 8

$POUFOU

*OEVTUSJBMJ[BUJPOJO

4PVUI"GSJDBDIBOHJOHXPSLBOE

MJWFTJO4PVUI"GSJDBPOUIFNJOFT

UIFMBOEBOEJOUIFDJUJFT

GRADE 11

$POUFOU

)PXXBTTFHSFHBUJPOB

GPVOEBUJPOGPSBQBSUIFJE 

*O4PVUI"GSJDBXBTVOJUFEGPSUIFGJSTUUJNFJOUPBTJOHMFTUBUFLOPXOBTUIF6OJPOPG

4PVUI"GSJDB3BDJBMTFHSFHBUJPOCFDBNFPGGJDJBMQPMJDZUISPVHIPVUUIF6OJPOBOEMBJEUIF

GPVOEBUJPOGPSBQBSUIFJE

 5IFUXPLFZQPMJUJDJBOTBUUIFUJNF(FOFSBM+BO4NVUTBOE(FOFSBM+#.)FSU[PHXFSFTUSPOHMZJOGBWPVS

PGTFHSFHBUJOH4PVUI"GSJDBOTPDJFUZ5IFZJOUSPEVDFETFHSFHBUJPOJOUPUIFDJUZUIFXPSLQMBDFBOEQPMJUJDT

TERRITORIAL

SEGREGATION:

Key legislation

0G4PVUI"GSJDBµTUPUBMQPQ

VMBUJPOPGJO

XFSFXIJUFXFSF

DPMPVSFEXFSF"TJBO

BOEXFSF"GSJDBO

The Land Act (1913):

0OFPGUIF¾STUGPSNBMBDUT

PGTFHSFHBUJPOJOUIF6OJPO

PG4PVUI"GSJDBUIJT"DU

GPSDFE"GSJDBOTUPMJWFJO

SFTFSWFTXIJDINBEFVQ

POMZPGUIFDPVOUSZµT

MBOE8FDBMMUIJTUFSSJUPSJBM

TFHSFHBUJPO5IF

-BOE"DUVOEFSNJOFEUIF

JOEFQFOEFODFPG"GSJDBO

GBSNFSTCZNBLJOHJUJMMFHBM

GPSUIFNUPXPSLBTTIBSF

DSPQQFSTPSUPCFSFOUQBZJOH

UFOBOUT"GSJDBOTMJWJOHPO

XIJUFGBSNTXFSFOPXGPSDFE

UPXPSLGPSXBHFTPSUP

HJWFEBZTµGSFFMBCPVSJO

FYDIBOHFGPSUIFVTFPGB

QJFDFPGMBOEGPSBZFBS

The Natives’ Trust and

Land Act (1936):

5IJT"DUNBEFNPSFMBOE

BWBJMBCMFJOUIF"GSJDBO

SFTFSWFTJODSFBTJOHUIFN

UPPGUIFMBOE*UBMTP

DSFBUFEB/BUJWF5SVTUUP

DPOUSPMUIFSFTFSWFT5IF

BVUIPSJUJFTIPQFENPSF

"GSJDBOTXPVMECFBCMFUP

MJWFBOEXPSLJOUIFSFTFSWFT

BOEXPVMEOPUOFFEUPNPWF

UPUIFVSCBOBSFBTUPMPPL

GPSXPSL

4PM1MBBUKFBO"GSJDBOXSJUFSBOENFNCFSPGUIF4PVUI"GSJDBO/BUJWF/BUJPOBM$POHSFTT

USBWFMMFEBMMPWFSUIFDPVOUSZGJOEJOHPVUBCPVUUIFFGGFDUTPGUIF-BOE"DU)FSFIF

EFTDSJCFTUIFIPSSPSTGBDJOHBO"GSJDBOGBNJMZXIPIBECFFOFWJDUFEGSPNBXIJUFPXOFE

GBSN5IFGBNJMZXBTPOUIFSPBEMPPLJOHGPSTPNFXIFSFUPTFUUMFXIFOPOFPGUIFJS

DIJMESFOEJFE

Segregating the city

#ZBCPVU"GSJDBOTXFSFMJWJOHPOUIF3BOEJODMVEJOHXPNFOBOE

DIJMESFO5IFNVOJDJQBMBVUIPSJUJFTXFSFXPSSJFEBCPVUUIFOVNCFSPG"GSJDBOT

BOEQBSUJDVMBSMZXPNFOXIPXFSFNPWJOHJOUPUPXOT4PNFXIJUFQFPQMFGFBSFEUIBUUIFZ

XPVMECF´TXBNQFEµCZTPNBOZ"GSJDBOTNPWJOHUPUIFUPXOT

Residential segregation

5IFQSJNFNJOJTUFSPG4PVUI"GSJDBBUUIFUJNFXBT+BO4NVUT)FTUSPOHMZTVQQPSUFE

UIFJEFBPGSFTJEFOUJBMTFHSFHBUJPOCFUXFFOCMBDLTBOEXIJUFT+PIBOOFTCVSHXBTUIF

MBSHFTUVSCBODFOUSFJOUIFDPVOUSZBOEUIFNPTUSBDJBMMZNJYFE

 /FXMPDBUJPOTTVDIBT/BODF¾FMEXFSFFTUBCMJTIFEUPUIFTPVUIXFTUPG+PIBOOFTCVSHCFZPOEUIF

NVOJDJQBMCPVOEBSJFT

 *OUIF4UBMMBSE$PNNJTTJPOXBTBQQPJOUFECZUIF5SBOTWBBM-PDBM(PWFSONFOUUP

JOWFTUJHBUFUIFQSFTFODFPG"GSJDBOTJOUPXOT"TBSFTVMUPGUIFSFDPNNFOEBUJPOTPGUIF

4UBMMBSE$PNNJTTJPOUIF/BUJWF6SCBO"SFBT"DUXBTQBTTFECZUIF4NVUTHPWFSONFOU

JO

5IJT"DUDBMMFEGPSUIFDMFBSBODFPGUIFTMVNTBOEHBWFNVOJDJQBMBVUIPSJUJFTQPXFST

UPFTUBCMJTITFQBSBUFMPDBUJPOTGPS"GSJDBOTUISPVHIPVUUIFDPVOUSZVTVBMMZBUUIFFEHFT

PGUPXOT

New words

SFTFSWFT°SVSBMBSFBT

XIFSFJUXBTMFHBMGPS

"GSJDBOTUPPXOPSMFBTF

MBOE

UFSSJUPSJBMTFHSFHBUJPO

°UIFEJWJTJPOPG4PVUI

"GSJDBµTSVSBMBSFBTJOUP

TFQBSBUFQPSUJPOT5IF

NBKPSJUZPGUIFMBOEXBT

TFUBTJEFGPSXIJUFTXIJMF

"GSJDBOTXFSFPOMZBMMPXFE

UPMJWFJOUIFSFTFSWFT

3BOE°UIFBSFBBSPVOE

+PIBOOFTCVSH

SFTJEFOUJBMTFHSFHBUJPO

°UIFDSFBUJPOPGTFQBSBUF

MJWJOHBSFBTJOUIFUPXOT

BOEDJUJFTUPFOTVSFUIBU

QFPQMFPGEJGGFSFOUSBDFT

MJWFEBQBSU

MPDBUJPOT°SFTJEFOUJBMBSFBT

PSUPXOTIJQTTFUBTJEFGPS

"GSJDBOT5IFZXFSFVTVBMMZ

FTUBCMJTIFEKVTUPVUTJEFTP

DBMMFEXIJUFBSFBT

JO¿VYDPOUSPM°UIFQPMJDZ

PGSFTUSJDUJOHUIFOVNCFST

PG"GSJDBOQFPQMFBMMPXFEUP

MJWFBOEXPSLJOUIFUPXOT

BOEDJUJFTUISPVHIUIFVTF

PGQBTTFT

/BUJWFT°NFO

XPNFOBOE

DIJMESFO°TIPVME

POMZCFBMMPXFEJO

VSCBOBSFBTXIFO

UIFJSQSFTFODFJT

EFNBOEFECZUIF

XBOUTPGUIFXIJUF

QPQVMBUJPO

 4UBMMBSEJOWFTUJHBUFEUIFQSFTFODFPG"GSJDBOTJOUPXOTJO

RESIDENTIAL

SEGREGATION:

Key segregationist

legislation

The Urban Areas Native

Pass Act (1909):

5IJT"DUXBTJOUFOEFEUP

DPOUSPMUIFNPWFNFOU

PG"GSJDBOTJOUPUPXOT*U

QSPWJEFEXPSLTFFLFSTXJUIB

QFSNJUXIJDIBMMPXFEUIFN

TJYEBZTUP¾OEXPSL*GUIFZ

EJEOPU¾OEXPSLUIFZIBEUP

SFUVSOUPUIFSVSBMBSFBT

The Natives (Urban

Areas) Act (1923):

5IJT"DUFTUBCMJTIFE

TFHSFHBUFEMPDBUJPOTXIFSF

"GSJDBOTIBEUPMJWF

Inﬂ ux control

"OJNQPSUBOUBTQFDUPGVSCBOTFHSFHBUJPOXBTJOGMVYDPOUSPM5IFDFOUSBMHPWFSONFOU

USJFEUPMJNJUUIFGMPXPG"GSJDBOTJOUPUPXOTCZDPOUSPMMJOHXIPXBTBMMPXFEJOUIFVSCBO

BSFBT5IFZEJEUIJTUISPVHIUIFVTFPGQBTTFT&WFSZ"GSJDBONBOIBEUPDBSSZBQBTT

XIJDIHBWFIJNQFSNJTTJPOUPCFJOBOVSCBOBSFB0OMZQFPQMFXIPDPVMEGJOEXPSLXFSF

HJWFOBQBTT"TBSFTVMUQFPQMFBDDFQUFEXIBUFWFSKPCTUIFZDPVMEGJOEPGUFOGPSWFSZ

MPXXBHFT*GBO"GSJDBONBMFXBTVOBCMFUPGJOEXPSLJOUIFVSCBOBSFBTIFXBTGPSDFEUP

SFUVSOUPUIFSVSBMBSFBT

1PMJDFDPOEVDUFESFHVMBSQBTTSBJET*GBQFSTPOµTQBTTXBTOPUJOPSEFSPSJGUIFZEJE

OPUIBWFBQBTTJOUIFJSQPTTFTTJPOUIFZXFSFBSSFTUFELJDLFEPVUPGUIFVSCBOBSFBTBOE

TFOUCBDLUPUIFSFTFSWFT

5IFTFQBTTSBJETIBQQFOFETPPGUFOUIBUNPTU"GSJDBOTIBEBUPOFUJNFPSBOPUIFS

CFFOBSSFTUFEGPSBQBTTMBXPGGFODF5IJTIBEUIFFGGFDUPGUVSOJOHUIFNBKPSJUZPGUIF

"GSJDBOQPQVMBUJPOJOUPDSJNJOBMT

4FHSFHBUJPOBTQPMJDZ]

   ] $IBQUFS4FHSFHBUJPOJOBDUJPO

#FMPXBSFUXPTPVSDFTPOUIFQBTTMBXT5IFGJSTUJTBQPFNBOEUIFTFDPOEJTBOFYUSBDU

GSPNBOBVUPCJPHSBQIZ

Kwela-Ride

A poem by Maﬁ ka Gwala

%PNQBT

*MPPLFECBDL

%PNQBT

*XFOUUISPVHINZQPDLFUT

/PUUIFSF

5IFZCJUJOUPNZ¿FTI

IBOEDVGGT

$BNFUIFLXFMBLXFMB

8FDSBXMFEJO

5IFZPVOHNFOTBOH

*OUIBUEBSLNPNFOU

*UBMMCFDBNFGBNJMJBS

Blame Me on History

An extract from Bloke Modisane’s autobiography

5IJTJTUIFFTTFODFPGUIF1BTT-BX

*DBOOPUTFMMNZMBCPVSUPUIFIJHIFTUCJEEFS

*DBOOPUMJWFJOUIFSFTJEFOUJBMBSFBPGNZDIPJDF*BNDPNNJUUFECZUIFDPMPVSPGNZ

TLJOUPMJWFJOTFHSFHBUFEHIFUUPTPSMPDBUJPOTPSTMVNT

'SFFEPNPGNPWFNFOUJTSFTUSJDUFECZUIF

3FGFSFODF#PPL

5IFSJHIUUPMJWFJOQFBDFJONZIPVTFJTTVCKFDUUPUIFQMFBTVSFPGBOZTVQFSJOUFOEFOU

PS/BUJWF$PNNJTTJPOFSXIPJTFNQPXFSFEUPFOEPSTFNFPVUPGUIFNVOJDJQBM

EJTUSJDUJGJOIJTPQJOJPONZQSFTFODFJTBEBOHFSUPQVCMJDQFBDFBOEHPPEPSEFS

5IJTJTUIFMBX

New words

EPNQBT°BO"GSJLBBOT

XPSENFBOJOHEVNCPS

TUVQJEQBTT"GSJDBOTDPN

NPOMZSFGFSSFEUPUIFJSQBTT

BTBEPNQBT

LXFMBLXFMB°UIFOBNF

HJWFOUPUIFZFMMPXQPMJDF

WBOTUIBUQBTTPGGFOEFST

XFSFCVOEMFEJOUPBOE

UBLFOUPQSJTPOJO5IFXPSE

LXFMBNFBOTKVNQ

SFGFSFODFCPPL°BOPUIFS

XPSEGPSBQBTT

FOEPSTFPVU°XIFOUIF

BVUIPSJUJFTTJHOPSQMBDF

BTUBNQJOBQBTTXIJDI

GPSDFTBQFSTPOUPMFBWFUIF

VSCBOBSFB

 5IF"QBSUIFJE.VTFVNIBTPOEJTQMBZBOVNCFSPGPSJHJOBMQBTTFTBOE*%EPDVNFOUT

Activity 2: Analysing literary sources

3FBEUIFUXPTPVSDFTPOUIFQBTTMBXTBHBJOBOEUIFOBOTXFSUIFGPMMPXJOH

RVFTUJPOT

8IZEPZPVUIJOLUIFTQFBLFSJTCFJOHBSSFTUFEJOUIFQPFN,XFMB3JEF

%PZPVUIJOLUIJTFWFOUIBTIBQQFOFEUPIJNNPSFUIBOPODF (JWFBSFBTPO

#MPLF.PEJTBOFTBZTUIBUIJT²GSFFEPNPGNPWFNFOUJTSFTUSJDUFECZUIF

3FGFSFODF#PPL³8IBUEPZPVUIJOLIFNFBOTCZUIJT (JWFTPNFFYBNQMFT

GSPNUIFFYUSBDUXIJDITIPXIPXIJTGSFFEPNPGNPWFNFOUXBTSFTUSJDUFE

)PXEPCPUIQJFDFTPGXSJUJOHTIPXUIBUUIFQBTTMBXTMJNJUFEUIFGSFFEPNPG

NPWFNFOUPG"GSJDBOT 





8IBUJTUIFBUUJUVEFPGCPUIXSJUFSTUPUIFQBTTMBXT (JWFBOFYBNQMFGSPN

FBDIQJFDFPGXSJUJOHUPFYQMBJOZPVSBOTXFS





(3"%&-0"4BOE

(3"%&-0"4-0"4

(3"%&-0"4-0"4

Activity 3: Developing empathy in history

*NBHJOFUIBUZPVBSFBO"GSJDBONBOMJWJOHJO+PIBOOFTCVSHJO:PVIBWFKVTU

CFFOBSSFTUFECFDBVTFZPVEJEOPUIBWFBQFSNJUJOZPVSQBTTBMMPXJOHZPVUPCF

JOBOVSCBOBSFB8SJUFBMFUUFSUPUIF4VOEBZ5JNFTJOXIJDIZPVFYQMBJOIPXUIF

QBTTMBXTIBWFBGGFDUFEZPVSMJGF:PVSMFUUFSNVTUCFCBTFEPOSFBMFWJEFODF:PV

NVTUHBJOZPVSJOGPSNBUJPOGSPNUIFGPMMPXJOHTPVSDFT

JOGPSNBUJPOUIBUZPVIBWFHBUIFSFEGSPNUIFUXPQJFDFTPGXSJUJOHPOUIF

QBTTMBXTPOQBHF

JOUFSWJFXJOHBQFSTPOXIPIBEUPDBSSZBQBTTJO"QBSUIFJE4PVUI"GSJDB"TL

IJNIFSUPEFTDSJCFXIBUJUGFMUMJLFUPDBSSZBQBTTBOEUPCFBSSFTUFEGPSBQBTT

PGGFODF3FNFNCFSUIBUBGUFS"GSJDBOXPNFOBMTPIBEUPDBSSZQBTTFT

(3"%&-0"4-0"4

(3"%&-0"4-0"4

(3"%&-0"4-0

"4BOE

SEGREGATING THE WORKPLACE

GRADE 8

$POUFOU

*OEVTUSJBMJ[BUJPOJO

4PVUI"GSJDBDIBOHJOHXPSLBOE

MJWFTJO4PVUI"GSJDBPOUIFNJOFT

UIFMBOEBOEJOUIFDJUJFT

GRADE 11

$POUFOU

)PXXBTTFHSFHBUJPOB

GPVOEBUJPOGPSBQBSUIFJE 

*OXIJUFXPSLFSTPOUIFNJOFTXFOUPOBHFOFSBMTUSJLF5IFZXFSFQSPUFTUJOH

BHBJOTUUIFQSPQPTBMCZUIF$IBNCFSPG.JOFTUPSFQMBDFXIJUFXPSLFSTXJUICMBDL

XPSLFST5IFTMPHBOPGTPNFXIJUFNJOFSTXBT´8PSLFSTPGUIF8PSME6OJUFBOE'JHIUGPS

B8IJUF4"µBTDBOCFTFFOJOUIJTQIPUPHSBQIJOUIF"QBSUIFJE.VTFVN

4FHSFHBUJOHUIFXPSLQMBDF]

   ] $IBQUFS4FHSFHBUJPOJOBDUJPO

5IFTUSJLFXBTCSVUBMMZTVQQSFTTFECZUIF4NVUTHPWFSONFOU5IJTXBTPOFSFBTPOXIZ

4NVUTMPTUUIFHFOFSBMFMFDUJPOBGUFSXIJDI(FOFSBM)FSU[PHCFDBNFQSJNFNJOJTUFS

PGUIF6OJPOPG4PVUI"GSJDB

)FSU[PHGPSNFEUIF1BDU(PWFSONFOU°BQPMJUJDBMBMMJBODFCFUXFFOIJT"GSJLBOFS

CBTFE/BUJPOBM1BSUZBOEUIF-BCPVS1BSUZMFECZ$PMPOFM')1$SFTXFMM"MUIPVHIUIFTF

UXPQBSUJFTIBETPNFEJGGFSFOUCFMJFGTUIFZCPUIEJTMJLFE4NVUT5IFZCFMJFWFEUIBU

4NVUTBOEIJT4PVUI"GSJDBO1BSUZ4"1XBTOPUEPJOHFOPVHIUPQSPUFDUXIJUFXPSLFST

GSPNMPTJOHUIFJSKPCTUP"GSJDBOXPSLFST

 1PPSXIJUFTPOUIF3BOEJOUIFT

)FSU[PHXBTQBSUJDVMBSMZDPODFSOFEBCPVUQSPUFDUJOHUIF"GSJLBOFSTXIPXFSFIJT

NBJOTVQQPSUFST5IFSFIBECFFOBOJOGMVYPGQPPSXIJUFTNBJOMZ"GSJLBOFSTPOUPUIF

8JUXBUFSTSBOEBOEJUXBTJNQPSUBOUGPS)FSU[PHUPQSPWJEFUIFNXJUIXPSL5IF1BDU

(PWFSONFOUBMTPXBOUFEUPSFEVDF4PVUI"GSJDBµTEFQFOEFODFPOUIFNJOJOHJOEVTUSZ

)FSU[PHCFMJFWFEUIBUUIFEFWFMPQNFOUPGTFDPOEBSZJOEVTUSZXPVMETPMWFCPUI

QSPCMFNT*UXPVMEQSPWJEFXPSLJOGBDUPSJFTGPSQPPSXIJUFTBOESFEVDF4PVUI"GSJDBµT

FDPOPNJDEFQFOEFODFPONJOJOH

The ‘civilized labour’ policy

1PPSXIJUFTXIPNPWFEUPUIFUPXOTBOEDJUJFTIBEMJUUMFFEVDBUJPOBOEGFXTLJMMT5IFPOMZ

XPSLUIBUUIFZXFSFBCMFUPEPXBTVOTLJMMFEXPSLCVU"GSJDBOTXFSFVTVBMMZVTFEGPSVOTLJMMFE

XPSLBTUIFJSMBCPVSXBTDIFBQFS*OPSEFSUPFOTVSFUIBUXIJUFXPSLFSTXFSFQSPUFDUFEGSPN

CMBDLDPNQFUJUJPOUIF´DJWJMJ[FEMBCPVSQPMJDZµXBTJOUSPEVDFEGSPNPOXBSET

5IJTQPMJDZNFBOUUIBUXIJUFTXPVMECFQBJEBNVDIIJHIFSXBHF°´BDJWJMJ[FEXBHFµ

°GPSEPJOHUIFTBNFXPSLBT"GSJDBOT6OTLJMMFEXIJUFXPSLFSTXFSFBMTPGBWPVSFEPWFS

VOTLJMMFE"GSJDBOTQBSUJDVMBSMZJOUIFDJWJMTFSWJDFBOESBJMXBZT

5IF´DJWJMJ[FEMBCPVSµQPMJDZXBTFYQFOTJWFCFDBVTFFNQMPZFSTIBEUPQBZXIJUFXPSLFST

NPSFUIBOUIFZXPVMEIBWFIBEUPQBZ"GSJDBOXPSLFST*UJTDMFBSUIBUUIFHPWFSONFOUXBOUFE

TFHSFHBUJPOJOUIFXPSLQMBDFFWFOUIPVHIJUXBTNVDINPSFFYQFOTJWF

SEGREGATING

THE WORKPLACE:

Key legislation

The Mines and Works

Act (1911):



5IJT"DUSFTFSWFEDFSUBJO

TLJMMFEXPSLPOUIFNJOFTGPS

XIJUFT

The Industrial

Conciliation Act (1924):



5IJT"DUTFUVQJOEVTUSJBM

DPVODJMTXIFSFUSBEF

VOJPOTDPVMEOFHPUJBUF

XJUIFNQMPZFST*UFYDMVEFE

"GSJDBOTGSPNNFNCFSTIJQPG

USBEFVOJPOTBOEBTBSFTVMU

GSPNJOEVTUSJBMDPVODJMT

The Wages Act (1925):

5IJT"DUTFUDPNQVMTPSZ

NJOJNVNXBHFTGPSXIJUF

XPSLFSTJOVOTLJMMFEKPCT

The Mines and Works

Amendment Act (1926):



5IJTXBTBMTPLOPXOBTUIF

$PMPVS#BS"DU*UFYDMVEFE

"GSJDBOTBOE*OEJBOTGSPN

TLJMMFEXPSL$FSUJ¾DBUFTPG

DPNQFUFODZGPSUSBEFTJOUIF

NJOFTDPVMECFJTTVFEPOMZ

UPXIJUFTBOEUPDPMPVSFETJO

DFSUBJOPDDVQBUJPOT

"CJBTFETPVSDFJTPOFUIBUTVQQPSUTPOMZPOFTJEFPSTIPXTPOMZPOFQPJOUPGWJFX*U

BMTPTIPXTUIFQSFKVEJDFTPGUIFXSJUFS"MUIPVHICJBTFETPVSDFTNBZPOMZTIPXPOF

TJEFPGFWFOUTUIFZDBOCFVTFGVMCFDBVTFUIFZTIPXVTIPXEJGGFSFOUQFPQMFUIPVHIU

BOEGFMUBCPVUUIJOHTJOUIFQBTU

)PXUPJEFOUJGZCJBTJOBTPVSDF

– 5IFXSJUFSNBZVTFFNPUJWFXPSETXIJDIBSPVTFTUSPOHGFFMJOHTJOUIFSFBEFST

-PPLGPSDFSUBJOXPSETJOUIFUFYUXIJDIBSPVTFTUSPOHFNPUJPOTJOZPV

– ,OPXMFEHFPGUIFXSJUFSµTCBDLHSPVOEBOEXPSMEWJFXCFMJFGTDBOIFMQUPSFWFBM

CJBT4PNFUJNFTUIFQFSTPONBZTVQQPSUBQBSUJDVMBSDBVTFPSBHSPVQ"TLXIP

XSPUFUIFTPVSDFBOEXIBUUIFQFSTPOCFMJFWFE

– 4PNFUJNFTUIFTPVSDFIBTCFFOXSJUUFOXJUIBTQFDJ¾DQVSQPTFJONJOE"TLXIZ

UIFQFSTPOXSPUFPSDSFBUFEUIFTPVSDF

Skills development: how to identify bias in historical sources

New words

QPPSXIJUFT°VTVBMMZ"GSJ

LBOFSTXIPIBECFFOGPSDFE

PGGUIFMBOEFJUIFSUISPVHI

ESPVHIUPSQPPSGBSNJOH

NFUIPETBOEIBENPWFEUP

UIFUPXOTBOEDJUJFT

TFDPOEBSZJOEVTUSZ

°JOEVTUSZXIJDIQSPDFTTFT

SBXNBUFSJBMTBOENBLFT

UIFNJOUPTPNFUIJOHNBOV

GBDUVSFEVTVBMMZJOBGBDUPSZ

QSFKVEJDFT°TUSPOHCFMJFGT

PSPQJOJPOTFJUIFS¾SNMZ

JOGBWPVSPGPSBHBJOTUB

QFSTPOPSBUIJOH

FNPUJWFBSPVTJOHTUSPOH

GFFMJOHTBOEFNPUJPOT

Activity 4:

Analysing a variety of sources on segregation in

the workplace

8IPEPFTUIFQFSTPOFOUFSJOHUIFSBJMXBZTJOUIJTDBSUPPOSFQSFTFOU

8IPEPFTUIFQFSTPOCFJOHLJDLFEPVUPGUIFSBJMXBZTSFQSFTFOU

8IBUEPFTUIFDBSUPPOTVHHFTUBCPVUUIFOBUVSFPGFNQMPZNFOUPOUIFSBJMXBZT

)PXEPFTUIFDBSUPPOIFMQVTUPVOEFSTUBOEXIJUFXPSLFSTµGFBSTBCPVU"GSJDBO

MBCPVS 





8IZEJEXIJUFXPSLFSTIBWFTVDIGFBST 





*OXIBUXBZJTUIJTDBSUPPODSJUJDBMPG4NVUTBOEIJT4PVUI"GSJDBO1BSUZ

4"1 





)PXEJEUIF´DJWJMJ[FEMBCPVSµQPMJDZIPQFUPSFBTTVSFXIJUFXPSLFSTUIBUUIFSF

XBTOPSFBMCBTJTGPSUIFJSGFBST 





(3"%&-0"4-0"4

(3"%&-0"4-0"4

-0"4

 5IJTDBSUPPOXBTVTFEJOUIFFMFDUJPODBNQBJHOJO´4QPPSXFFµNFBOTSBJMXBZT

e@M@C@Q<;C89FLIe@JNFIB;FE<9PG<FGC<N?FJ<JK8E;8I;F=C@M@E>

:FE=FIDJKFK?<;<:<EKJK8E;8I;F=N?@K<C@M@E>N?@C<dLE:@M@C@Q<;

C89FLIe@JNFIB;FE<9PG<IJFEJN?FJ<>F8CJFI8@D@JI<JKI@:K<;KF

98J@:E<:<JJ@K@<JF=LE;<I;<M<CFG<;8E;dJ8M8><eG<FGC<

 &YUSBDUGSPN)FSU[PHµTDJSDVMBSUPHPWFSONFOUEFQBSUNFOUT0DUPCFS

4FHSFHBUJOHUIFXPSLQMBDF]

   ] $IBQUFS4FHSFHBUJPOJOBDUJPO

SEGREGATING POLITICAL RIGHTS

5IJTTPVSDFJTBHPWFSONFOUDJSDVMBS8IBUEPFTUIJTUFMMZPVBCPVUUIFBUUJUVEF

BOECFMJFGTPGUIF1BDU(PWFSONFOU

*OXIBUXBZJTUIJTTPVSDFBCJBTFETPVSDF 





 B)BTUIFXSJUFSVTFEBOZXPSETUIBUBSPVTFTUSPOHFNPUJPOJOZPV 8IJDI

XPSETEPUIJTBOEXIBUGFFMJOHTEPUIFZBSPVTF

 C8IPEPZPVUIJOLXSPUFUIJTLJOEPGTPVSDF 8IBUEPZPVUIJOLIJTBUUJUVEF

BOECFMJFGTXFSF 

 D8IBUXBTUIFQVSQPTFPGUIJTTPVSDF 8IBUSFBTPOTXPVMEUIFXSJUFSIBWFIBE

GPSDSFBUJOHUIJTTPVSDF

8PVMEZPVFYQFDUUP¾OETVDIMBOHVBHFJOBHPWFSONFOUDJSDVMBSUPEBZ 8IBU

EPFTUIJTUFMMZPVBCPVUUIFBUUJUVEFBOECFMJFGTPGUIFDVSSFOUHPWFSONFOU 





)FSU[PHCFMJFWFEUIBUQPMJUJDBMTFHSFHBUJPOXBTFTTFOUJBMGPSUIFTVSWJWBMPGXIJUFTBT

UIFEPNJOBOUHSPVQJOTPDJFUZ8IFOUIF6OJPOPG4PVUI"GSJDBXBTDSFBUFEJO

CMBDLQFPQMFXFSFGPSNBMMZEFOJFEUIFSJHIUUPWPUFXJUIPOFFYDFQUJPO4PNF"GSJDBO

BOEDPMPVSFENFOMJWJOHJOUIF$BQFXFSFBMMPXFEUPWPUFJGUIFZIBEBDFSUBJOMFWFMPG

FEVDBUJPOBOEPXOFETPNFQSPQFSUZ5IJTXBTLOPXOBTBRVBMJGJFEGSBODIJTF

 *O)FSU[PHJOUSPEVDFEUIF´)FSU[PH/BUJWF#JMMTµJOUPQBSMJBNFOU5IFTFBJNFEUP

SFNPWF$BQF"GSJDBOTGSPNUIF$BQFWPUFSTµSPMM"UUIFTBNFUJNFIFTVQQPSUFEHJWJOH

DPMPVSFETUIFWPUFJOBMMQSPWJODFTOPUKVTUUIF$BQF*UBQQFBSTUIBU)FSU[PHIPQFEUP

JOUFHSBUFDPMPVSFETJOUPXIJUFTPDJFUZJOPSEFSUPTUSFOHUIFOIJTPXOQPMJUJDBMTVQQPSU

 5IF)FSU[PH/BUJWF3FQSFTFOUBUJPO#JMMXBTDSJUJDJ[FECPUIJOTJEFBOEPVUTJEF

QBSMJBNFOUBOEJUXBTPOMZUFOZFBSTMBUFSJOUIBUJUFWFOUVBMMZCFDBNFMBX8IZEJE

JUUBLFTVDIBMPOHUJNFUPCFDPNFMBX 0OFPGUIFSFBTPOTJTUIBU4NVUTIBEPQQPTFE

UIFCJMMJOCFDBVTFIFOFFEFEUIF$BQF"GSJDBOWPUFUPIPMEPOUPWJUBMTFBUTGPSIJT

4PVUI"GSJDB1BSUZJOQBSMJBNFOU"TBSFTVMU)FSU[PHXBTVOBCMFUPHFUFOPVHITVQQPSU

JOQBSMJBNFOUGPSJUUPCFQBTTFECVUCZ4NVUTBOE)FSU[PHIBEKPJOFEUPHFUIFSJOB

OFXQPMJUJDBMQBSUZ°UIF6OJUFE1BSUZ)FSU[PHOPXIBEFOPVHITVQQPSUJOQBSMJBNFOUGPS

UIFCJMMUPCFQBTTFE

 5ISPVHIPVUUIJTQFSJPEUIF"/$PQQPTFEUIF)FSU[PH´/BUJWFµ#JMMT5IFZBSHVFEUIBU

"GSJDBOTGPSNFEUIFNBKPSJUZPGUIFQPQVMBUJPOBOETIPVMEOPUCFEFOJFEBTBZJOHPWFSONFOU



5IFFYUFOTJPOPGTFHSFHBUJPOCFUXFFOBOEXIJDIJTEFBMUXJUIJOUIF

4FHSFHBUJPO)BMMPGUIF"QBSUIFJE.VTFVNMFEUPSFTJTUBODFGSPN"GSJDBODPMPVSFEBOE

*OEJBODPNNVOJUJFTBDSPTTUIFDPVOUSZ

The ANC

5IF4PVUI"GSJDBO/BUJPOBM/BUJWF$POHSFTTBTUIF"/$XBTGJSTUDBMMFEXBTFTUBCMJTIFE

JOMBSHFMZBTBSFTQPOTFUPUIFQSPQPTFE-BOE#JMMXIJDICFDBNFUIF-BOE

"DU*OJUTFBSMZZFBSTUIF"/$XBTBGBJSMZTNBMMBOENPEFSBUFPSHBOJ[BUJPO*UESFXJUT

NFNCFSTIJQMBSHFMZGSPNUIFFEVDBUFE"GSJDBOFMJUF

5IFMFBEFSTIJQPGUIF"/$CFMJFWFEUIBUJGUIFZSFTQPOEFESFBTPOBCMZUPJOKVTUJDFT

XIJUFQPMJUJDJBOTXPVMEUBLFUIFNTFSJPVTMZ5IFZUIFSFGPSFVTFEQFUJUJPOTEFMFHBUJPOT

BOESFTPMVUJPOTBTBGPSNPGQSPUFTU6OGPSUVOBUFMZXIJUFQPMJUJDJBOTUFOEFEUPEJTNJTT

UIFTFNFBTVSFTDPNQMFUFMZ

SEGREGATING

POLITICAL RIGHTS:

Key legislation

The Native Repre-

sentation Act (1936):



5IJT"DUSFNPWFE$BQF

"GSJDBOTGSPNUIFDPNNPO

WPUFSTµSPMMBOEQSPWJEFE

"GSJDBOTXJUIUIFJSPXO

TFQBSBUFJOTUJUVUJPO

°UIF/BUJWF3FQSFTFOUBUJWF

$PVODJM/3$5ISPVHI

UIF/3$"GSJDBOTDPVME

NBLFSFDPNNFOEBUJPOTUP

QBSMJBNFOUBCPVUJTTVFTUIBU

BGGFDUFEUIFN

The Native Trust and

Land Act (1936):



5IJT"DUJODSFBTFEUIFMBOE

XIJDI"GSJDBOTDPVMEPXO

GSPNUPPGBMMMBOE

JO4PVUI"GSJDB#VUJUQMBDFE

NPSFDPOUSPMTPWFSMBCPVS

UFOBODZPOGBSNT

The Native Laws

Amendment Act (1937):

5IJT"DUTUSFOHUIFOFEJO¿VY

DPOUSPM-PDBMBVUIPSJUJFT

DPVMEOPXSFGVTF"GSJDBOT

FOUSZUPUPXOTBOEGPSDF

UIFNJOUPUIFSFTFSWFTJG

UIFZEJEOPUIBWFKPCT

RESISTANCE TO SEGREGATION

New words

RVBMJ¾FEGSBODIJTF°UIF

SFTUSJDUJPOPGBQFSTPOµTSJHIU

UPWPUF5PRVBMJGZUPWPUFB

QFSTPOIBEUPIBWFBDFSUBJO

MFWFMPGFEVDBUJPOBOEPXO

TPNFQSPQFSUZ

#JMMT°QSPQPTFEMBXTUP

XIJDIQBSMJBNFOUNVTUBHSFF

CZWPUJOHJOUIFJSGBWPVSBGUFS

XIJDIUIFZCFDPNFMBXT

0ODFUIFZCFDPNFMBXT

UIFZBSFLOPXOBT"DUT

WPUFSTµSPMM°BMJTUPGBMM

SFHJTUFSFEWPUFST*GBQFS

TPOµTOBNFEPFTOPUBQQFBS

POUIFMJTUUIFZBSFOPU

BMMPXFEUPWPUF

NPEFSBUF°IPMEJOHB

QPMJUJDBMQPJOUPGWJFXXIJDI

JTSFBTPOBCMFBOEEPFTOPU

UBLFFYUSFNFQPTJUJPOT

FMJUF°HSPVQDPOTJEFSFEUP

CFTVQFSJPSCFDBVTFPGJUT

QPXFSUBMFOUPSXFBMUI

EFMFHBUJPOT°HSPVQTPG

QFPQMFTFOUBTSFQSFTFO

UBUJWFTUPBDPOGFSFODFPS

BNFFUJOHUPQVUGPSXBSE

UIFWJFXPGUIFJSQBSUJDVMBS

PSHBOJ[BUJPO

TBUZBHSBIB°SFGFSTUP

(BOEIJµTQIJMPTPQIZPG

OPOWJPMFOUQSPUFTUBOE

SFTJTUBODF4BUZBHSBIB

MJUFSBMMZNFBOT´TPVMGPSDFµ

EJTDSJNJOBUPSZMBXT°MBXT

XIJDIEJTUJOHVJTIFECFUXFFO

QFPQMFVTVBMMZPOUIFCBTJT

PGSBDF

SFQFBMFE°GPSNBMMZDBODFMMFE

 "EFMFHBUJPOPGUIF4"//$XFOUUP

-POEPOUPQSPUFTUBHBJOTUUIF-BOE"DU

*UDPOTJTUFEPGMUPS5IPNBT.BQJLFMB

3FW8BMUFS3VCVTBOB3FW+PIO%VCF

4BVM.TBOFBOE4PM1MBBUKF

Indian passive resistance

5IF*OEJBODPNNVOJUZXBTJOTQJSFECZUIFMFBEFSTIJQPG.PIBOEBT(BOEIJBMBXZFSXIP

IBEDPNFGSPN*OEJBUPXPSLXJUIUIF*OEJBODPNNVOJUZJO/BUBMJO)FVTFEUIF

QSJODJQMFPGTBUZBHSBIBBTUIFCBTJTPGBOPOWJPMFOUQSPUFTUTUSBUFHZJOXIJDI*OEJBOT

BJNFEUPCFBSSFTUFECZHBUIFSJOHJOMBSHFOVNCFSTUPQSPUFTUBHBJOTUVOKVTUMBXT

*O*OEJBOXPSLFSTXFOUPOTUSJLFUPQSPUFTUBHBJOTUUIFEJTDSJNJOBUPSZMBXT

BHBJOTU*OEJBOTFTQFDJBMMZUIFUISFFQPVOETBOOVBMUBYUIFZXFSFGPSDFEUPQBZBOE

UIFJSQPPSXPSLJOHDPOEJUJPOT5IPVTBOETPGQFPQMFJODMVEJOH(BOEIJXFSFKBJMFE

(BOEIJCFMJFWFEUIBUJGUIFQSJTPOTXFSFPWFSGMPXJOHUIFHPWFSONFOUXPVMECF

GPSDFEUPOFHPUJBUFXJUIUIF*OEJBODPNNVOJUZ&WFOUVBMMZUIFHPWFSONFOUEJEFOUFSJOUP

OFHPUJBUJPOTXJUI(BOEIJBOEUIFOFXMBXTXFSFSFQFBMFE

 (BOEIJUIJSEGSPNUIFMFGUMFBEJOHBQSPUFTUNBSDIJO

The APO

5IF"GSJDBO1FPQMFµT0SHBOJ[BUJPO"10XBTGPVOEFEJO$BQF5PXOJO%S"CEVMMBI

"CEVSBINBOCFDBNFUIFMFBEFSJOBOEMFEJUGPSZFBST5IF"10GPVHIUGPSUIF

SJHIUTPGDPMPVSFEQFPQMF*UTNFNCFSTIJQDPOTJTUFEMBSHFMZPGUIFDPMPVSFEFMJUFBOEJU

BMTPVTFEQFUJUJPOTBOEEFMFHBUJPOTBTBGPSNPGQSPUFTU5IFTFUFOEFEUPCFJHOPSFECZ

XIJUFQPMJUJDJBOT"GUFSUIF"10USJFEUPMJOLVQXJUI"GSJDBOPSHBOJ[BUJPOTUPPQQPTF

XIJUFEPNJOBUJPO

The AAC

5IF"MM"GSJDBO$POWFOUJPO""$XBTGPSNFEJOXJUIUIFTQFDJGJDJOUFOUJPOPG

PQQPTJOH)FSU[PHµT´/BUJWFµ#JMMT*UBQQFBMFEUPUIF#SJUJTIHPWFSONFOUGPSIFMQBOE

TFOUBEFQVUBUJPOUPNFFUXJUI)FSU[PHCVUBMMUIJTIBEOPFGGFDU

%FTQJUFGPSNBM""$QSPUFTUNFFUJOHTUISPVHIPVUUIFDPVOUSZUIF/BUJWF3FQSFTFOU

BUJPO"DUXBTQBTTFEJO)BWJOHMPTUUIBUCBUUMFUIF""$BOEUIF"/$IBEUPEFDJEF

IPXUPSFTQPOEUPUIF/BUJWF3FQSFTFOUBUJWF$PVODJM/3$XIJDIXBTTFUVQCZUIF

HPWFSONFOUBTBO"GSJDBOBEWJTPSZCPEZ5IFZDPVMECPZDPUUUIF/3$PSQBSUJDJQBUFJOJU

5IFZFWFOUVBMMZBHSFFEUPQBSUJDJQBUFCVUUIF/3$IBEOPSFBMQPXFS5IF""$BOE"/$

MBUFSDBMMFEJUB´UPZUFMFQIPOFµCFDBVTFOPCPEZMJTUFOFEUPUIFNXIFOUIFZVTFEJU

3FTJTUBODFUPTFHSFHBUJPO]

   ] $IBQUFS4FHSFHBUJPOJOBDUJPO

The ICU: A taste of freedom

"NPSFFGGFDUJWF"GSJDBOQSPUFTUJOUIFTDBNFGSPNUIF*OEVTUSJBMBOE$PNNFSDJBM

8PSLFST6OJPOLOPXOBTUIF*$68IBUXBTSFNBSLBCMFBCPVUUIF*$6XBTCPUIJUTSBQJE

SJTF°CZJUIBEBNFNCFSTIJQPGPWFSBOEJUTSBQJEGBMM#ZUIF*$6

IBEMPTUJUTTUSFOHUIBOEIBEGBEFEJOUPJOTJHOJGJDBODF

"MUIPVHIUIF*$6CFHBOBTBUSBEFVOJPOPG"GSJDBOEPDLXPSLFSTJO$BQF5PXOJO

JUHSBEVBMMZUSBOTGPSNFEJUTFMGJOUPBNBTTNPWFNFOUJOUIFMBUFT5IFSFBTPOGPSUIF

CSJFGTVDDFTTPGUIF*$6JOUIJTQFSJPEXBTJUTBCJMJUZUPSFTQPOEUPJNQPSUBOUJTTVFTPOUIF

HSPVOEXIJDIBGGFDUFE"GSJDBOTEJSFDUMZ*OQBSUJDVMBSUIF*$6TIJGUFEJUTBUUFOUJPOUPUIF

DPVOUSZTJEFFTQFDJBMMZJO/BUBMBOEUIF0SBOHF'SFF4UBUFXIFSF"GSJDBOGBSNXPSLFST

XFSFCFJOHFWJDUFEPSGBDJOHXBHFDVUT5IF*$6PSHBOJ[FE

OPODPPQFSBUJPOBDUTPG

WJPMFODFPOBOVNCFSPGGBSNTBOEMFHBMDIBMMFOHFTJOUIFDPVSUT

New words

OPODPPQFSBUJPO°GBJMVSF

PSSFGVTBMUPDPPQFSBUFPS

XPSLXJUITPNFPOF

CZXPOFST

°BO"GSJLBBOT

XPSENFBOJOHQPPSXIJUF

GBSNFSTXIPSFOUFEMBOE

GSPNPUIFSXIJUFGBSNFST

Activity 5: Developing arguments

$PQZBOEDPNQMFUFUIFGPMMPXJOHUBCMFUPTIPXUIFFGGFDUJWFOFTTPGWBSJPVT

GPSNTPGSFTJTUBODFUPTFHSFHBUJPO

.FUIPETVTFE &GGFDUJWFOFTT

.BSLPVUPG

&WJEFODFUPTVQQPSU

ZPVSNBSL

"/$

*OEJBOSFTJTUBODF

"10

""$

*$6

 "EBQUFEGSPN$$VMQJO4PVUI"GSJDBTJODF+PIO.VSSBZ

(3"%&-0"4

(3"%&-0"4

8IFOXSJUJOHBIJTUPSZFTTBZJUJTJNQPSUBOUUPTUSVDUVSFZPVSJEFBTJOBDMFBSBOE

PSHBOJ[FEXBZ"HPPESVMFUPSFNFNCFSJTUIBUZPVTIPVMEPOMZIBWFPOFNBJOPS

DPOUSPMMJOHJEFBJOFBDIQBSBHSBQI

 "HPPEQBSBHSBQIXJMMTUBSUXJUIBDMFBSTFOUFODFJOUSPEVDJOHUIFNBJOJEFBPGUIF

QBSBHSBQI5IJTTIPVMECFGPMMPXFECZFWJEFODFPSFYBNQMFTXIJDIJMMVTUSBUFUIFQPJOU

NBEFJOUIJT¾STUTFOUFODF5IFQBSBHSBQITIPVMEFOEXJUIBDPODMVEJOHTFOUFODF

XIJDIMJOLTUIFQPJOUZPVIBWFNBEFUPUIFPWFSBMMUPQJDPSBSHVNFOUZPVBSFNBLJOH



Developing essay writing skills: one main idea per paragraph

...Developing essay writing skills: one main idea per paragraph (continued)

"OFYBNQMF

.BJOTFOUFODF

*OJUTFBSMZZFBSTUIF"/$EJEOPUSFTJTUTFHSFHBUJPOWFSZFGGFDUJWFMZCFDBVTFJUMBDLFE

UIFQPXFSUPDIBMMFOHFUIFHPWFSONFOU

&WJEFODFPSFYBNQMFUPTVQQPSUNBJOTFOUFODF

'PSFYBNQMFUIF"/$QSPUFTUFEBHBJOTUUIF-BOE"DUCZTFOEJOHEFMFHBUJPOTUPNFFU

UIFHPWFSONFOU5IFTFEFMFHBUJPOTBDIJFWFEMJUUMFTVDDFTT

$PODMVEJOHTFOUFODF

#FDBVTFUIF"/$IBEOPSFBMQPXFSBUUIJTUJNFUIFHPWFSONFOUMBSHFMZJHOPSFEUIFJS

QSPUFTUT

Activity 6: Writing paragraphs with only one main idea (

)

)FSFJTBQPTTJCMFFTTBZUPQJD

5PXIBUFYUFOUXBTFBSMZSFTJTUBODFUPTFHSFHBUJPOFGGFDUJWF

6TFUIFHVJEFMJOFTJOUIFTLJMMTCPYGPSXSJUJOHBQBSBHSBQI

6TFUIFJOGPSNBUJPOGSPNUIFUBCMFUIBUZPV¾MMFEPVUJO"DUJWJUZUPXSJUFBGFX

QBSBHSBQITXIJDIBEESFTTUIJTRVFTUJPO

&BDIQBSBHSBQITIPVMEEFBMXJUIPOFPGUIFPSHBOJ[BUJPOTJOUIFUBCMF

&BDIQBSBHSBQITIPVMEBOTXFSUIFFTTBZRVFTUJPOCZEJTDVTTJOHPOFTQFDJ¾D

PSHBOJ[BUJPO

(3"%&-0"4

(3"%&-0"4

THE GREAT DEPRESSION

GRADE 8

$POUFOU

*OEVTUSJBMJ[BUJPOJO

4PVUI"GSJDBDIBOHJOHXPSLBOE

MJWFTJO4PVUI"GSJDBPOUIFNJOFT

UIFMBOEBOEJOUIFDJUJFT

GRADE 11

$POUFOU

)PXXBTTFHSFHBUJPOB

GPVOEBUJPOGPSBQBSUIFJE 

 5IFXPSMEUJHIUFOTJUTCFMU

*OUIF8BMM4USFFU4UPDL&YDIBOHFJO/FX:PSLDPMMBQTFEBOEUIJTQMVOHFEUIFXPSME

JOUPBOFDPOPNJDEFQSFTTJPO5IFQFSJPEPGIJTUPSZGSPNUPUIFNJETJTLOPXOBT

UIF(SFBU%FQSFTTJPO"MMDPVOUSJFTJODMVEJOH4PVUI"GSJDBGBDFEFDPOPNJDBOETPDJBMDSJTJT

1FPQMFDPVMEOPMPOHFSBGGPSEUPCVZBOZUIJOH

TPNJOFTBOEGBDUPSJFTDMPTFEEPXO5IPVTBOETPG

QFPQMFMPTUUIFJSKPCT"GSJDBOXPSLFSTXFSFVTVBMMZ

UIFGJSTUUPMPTFUIFJSKPCT1FPQMFMJWJOHJOUIF

DPVOUSZTJEFXFSFQBSUJDVMBSMZCBEMZIJU/PUPOMZDPVME

GBSNFSTOPMPOHFSTFMMUIFJSQSPEVDUTCVUBNBKPS

ESPVHIUEFTUSPZFEUIFJSDSPQT

"GSJDBOTXFSFBMSFBEZFYQFSJFODJOHIBSETIJQJOUIF

SFTFSWFT5IF%FQSFTTJPOGPSDFEUIPVTBOETUPNPWF

UPUIFDJUJFTJOTFBSDIPGXPSL*OQBSUJDVMBS"GSJDBO

XPNFOCFHBOUPFOUFSUIFDJUJFTJOMBSHFOVNCFST

IPQJOHUPGJOEXPSLBTEPNFTUJDTFSWBOUTXBTIFSXPNFOPSCFFSCSFXFST

.BOZ"GSJLBOFSTXIPIBECFFOMJWJOHBT

CZXPOFSTPOUIFMBOEGMPDLFEUPUIFDJUJFT

KPJOJOHUIFSBOLTPGUIFQPPSXIJUFT

"TUIFQPPSNPWFEJOUPUIFDJUJFTSBDJBMEJWJTJPOTCMVSSFEBOECMBDLTBOEXIJUFT

MJWFEUPHFUIFSJOTMVNBSFBT5IJTXPSSJFEUIFHPWFSONFOUBOENBEFUIFNJOUFOTJGZUIFJS

TFHSFHBUJPOJTUQPMJDJFT5IFHPWFSONFOUBMTPUPPLNBOZTUFQTUPJNQSPWFDPOEJUJPOTGPSQPPS

XIJUFT"MUIPVHIQPPS"GSJDBOTFYQFSJFODFEQPWFSUZKVTUBTJOUFOTFMZBTQPPSXIJUFTUIF

HPWFSONFOUWJFXFE"GSJDBOTBTBQSPCMFNUIBUUIFZIBEUPHFUSJEPG"TBSFTVMUUIFZBQQMJFE

UIFQBTTMBXTNVDINPSFTUSJDUMZUPUSZUPQSFWFOU"GSJDBOTGSPNNPWJOHUPUIFDJUJFT

5IF(SFBU%FQSFTTJPO]

   ] $IBQUFS4FHSFHBUJPOJOBDUJPO

 "TPVQLJUDIFOGPSQPPSXIJUFTJOUIFT

²"TGBSBT*DBOSFNFNCFSXFXFSFUIFPOMZXIJUFTMJWJOHXJUICMBDLT°XJUI

DPMPVSFETBOECMBDLT8FXFSFTIBSJOHPVSSPPNT*OUIFGSPOUCFESPPNXBTB

DPMPVSFEXPNBOMJWJOHUIFSF5IFMPVOHFXBTPVSCFESPPNBOEUIFEJOJOHSPPNXBT

PDDVQJFECZBO"GSJDBONBOBOEIJTXJGF8FXFSFBMMXFMMJOUFHSBUFEXFBMMIBE

WFSZGFXQSPCMFNTXJUIFBDIPUIFS5IFSFXBTBTFOTFPGDPNNVOJUZBTFOTFPG

CFMPOHJOHUPP

5IJTXBTPVSTUBQMFGPPE°XFIBEUIBUBOEOPUIJOHFMTFKVTUUIFCSFBE5IF

5SBOTWBBM)FMQJOH)BOE4PDJFUZVTFEUPIBOEVTGPPEQBSDFMTXIJDINZNPUIFS

VTFEUPTFMMJOPSEFSUPDMPUIFNF"UTDIPPMUIFZQVUNFBQBSUJODMBTTCFDBVTF*

XBTDPWFSFEJOTPSFTBOECFDBVTFUIFPUIFSNPUIFSTQSPUFTUFEUIBUUIFJSLJETXFSF

TJUUJOHOFYUUPUIJTDIJMEXIPIBEWVJMTJFLUFXIJDINFBOT¾MUIZEJTFBTF³

Zack Zampetakis remembers what it was like growing up as a young Greek boy

during the Depression.

 "EBQUFEGSPN8PSLJOH-JGFCZ-$BMMJOJDPT3BWBO1SFTTQQ

  5IFHPWFSONFOUHBWF"GSJDBODIJMESFOOPTVQQPSUEVSJOHUIF(SFBU%FQSFTTJPO

Es’kia Mphahlele remembers what it was like to be a young African boy who lived

during the Depression.

²*EJENPTUPGUIFEPNFTUJDXPSLCFDBVTFNZTJTUFSBOECSPUIFSXFSFTUJMMUPPTNBMM*

XPLFVQBUJOUIFNPSOJOHUPNBLFB¾SFJOBCSB[JFSNBEFPVUPGBOPMEMBWBUPSZ

CVDLFU*XBTIFEBOENBEFCSFBLGBTUGPSUIFGBNJMZ#BDLGSPNTDIPPM*IBEUPDMFBOUIF

IPVTFBT"VOU%PSBBOEHSBOENPUIFSEJEUIFXIJUFQFPQMFµTXBTIJOHBMMEBZ

#FDBVTFXFXFSFTPNBOZJOUIFGBNJMZUIFSFXBTPOMZPOFCFETUFBE5IFXPPEFO¿PPS

PGUIFSPPNXFTMFQUJOIBEUXPMBSHFIPMFT5IFSFXBTBMXBZTBTIBSQESBVHIUDPNJOH

VQGSPNVOEFSOFBUIUIF¿PPS$PVQMFEXJUIUIJTPVSIFBETXFSFBQMBZHSPVOEGPSNJDF

XIJDIBMTPDSFBUFEIBWPDXJUIPVSGPPEBOEDMPUIJOH

 "EBQUFEGSPN&.QIBIMFMF%PXO4FDPOE"WFOVFQQ

New words

CSB[JFS °QBOPSTUBOEGPS

IPMEJOHCVSOJOHDPBMT

ESBVHIU

°BDVSSFOUPGDPME

BJSJOBDPO¾OFETQBDF

DSFBUFEIBWPD

°DBVTFE

DIBPTBOEEFTUSVDUJPO

Activity 7: Using oral history to gain understanding of the Depression

8IBUEPFTUIFZPVOH(SFFLCPZµTFYQFSJFODFUFMMVTBCPVUSBDJBMNJYJOH

BNPOHTUUIFQPPS

"DDPSEJOHUPUIFZPVOH(SFFLCPZXIBULJOEPGBJEEJEQPPSXIJUFTSFDFJWF

8IZEPZPVUIJOL&TµLJB.QIBIMFMFEJEOPUSFDFJWFTVDIBJE 

8IZEJE&TµLJB.QIBIMFMFIBWFUPEPTPNVDIIPVTFXPSL

$PNQBSFUIFFYQFSJFODFTPGUIFTFUXPDIJMESFOEVSJOHUIF(SFBU%FQSFTTJPO

8IBUJTTJNJMBSBOEXIBUJTEJGGFSFOUBCPVUUIFJSFYQFSJFODFT

(3"%&-0"4

(3"%&-0"4

Activity 8: Focusing on memory and oral history (

)

)PXEPUIFTFNFNPSJFTIFMQZPVUPVOEFSTUBOEXIBUMJGFXBTMJLFGPSDIJMESFO

EVSJOHUIF%FQSFTTJPO

)PXEPUIFFYQFSJFODFTPGUIFTFDIJMESFOHSPXJOHVQJOUIF%FQSFTTJPO

DPNQBSFXJUIZPVSPXOFYQFSJFODFTPGHSPXJOHVQ

,FFQJOHJONJOEUIBUUIFTFBSFUIFNFNPSJFTPGBEVMUTXIPBSFSFNFNCFSJOH

FWFOUTUIBUUPPLQMBDFBMPOHUJNFBHPEPZPVUIJOLUIBUUIFTFBSFSFMJBCMF

TPVSDFT )PXXPVMEZPVUFTUUIFJSSFMJBCJMJUZ

(3"%&-0"4-0"4

Activity 9: Finding out about your own history

$POEVDUBOJOUFSWJFXXJUIBOPMEFSQFSTPOBCPVUBEJG¾DVMUUJNFUIBUUIFZ

FYQFSJFODFEBOEPWFSDBNFBMPOHUJNFBHP5IJTQFSTPONBZCFBNFNCFSPG

ZPVSGBNJMZPSBNFNCFSPGZPVSDPNNVOJUZ

8IFOZPVIBWF¾OJTIFEUIFJOUFSWJFXUSZUP¾OEPVUTPNFNPSFJOGPSNBUJPO

BCPVUUIJTFWFOUGSPNPUIFSTPVSDFTFHXSJUUFOTPVSDFTPSQIPUPHSBQIT:PV

TIPVMEUSZUPTFFIPXBDDVSBUFUIFQFSTPOµTNFNPSZPGUIFFWFOUJT

(3"%&-0"4

(3"%&-0"4

(3"%&-0"4-0"4

5IF(SFBU%FQSFTTJPO]