water results in extensive swelling that
renders the injection of HepaSphere
Microspheres very dicult or may
prevent injection.
• Do not reconstitute HepaSphere Micro-
spheres with Lipiodol / Ethiodol.
• Pay careful attention for signs of untar-
geted embolization. During injection
carefully monitor patient vital signs to
include SaO
2
(e.g. hypoxia, CNS chang-
es). Consider terminating the procedure,
investigating for possible shunting, or
increasing Microspheres size if any signs
of untargeted embolization occur or
patient symptoms develop.
• Consider upsizing the Microspheres if
angiographic evidence of embolization
does not quickly appear evident during
injection of the Microspheres.
Warnings about use of small micro-
spheres:
• Careful consideration should be given
whenever use is contemplated of em-
bolic agents that are smaller in diameter
than the resolution capability of your
imaging equipment. The presence of
arteriovenous anastomoses, branch ves-
sels leading away from the target area
or emergent vessels not evident prior
to embolization can lead to untargeted
embolization and severe complications.
• Microspheres smaller than 100 microns
are more likely to terminate circulation
to distal tissue. Greater potential of isch-
emic injury results from use of smaller
sized microspheres and consideration
must be given to the consequence of
this injury prior to embolization. The
potential consequences include swell-
ing, necrosis, paralysis, abscess and/or
stronger post-embolization syndrome.
• Post embolization swelling may result
in ischemia to tissue adjacent to target
area. Care must be given to avoid
ischemia of intolerant, non targeted
tissue such as nervous tissue.
PRECAUTIONS
HepaSphere Microspheres must only be
used by physicians trained in vascular
embolization procedures. The size and
quantity of microspheres must be carefully
selected according to the lesion to be
treated and the potential presence of
shunts. Only the physician can decide the
most appropriate time to stop the injection
of HepaSphere Microspheres.
Do not use if the vial, cap, or pouch
appear damaged.
For single patient use only - Contents
supplied sterile - Never reuse, reprocess,
or resterilize the contents of a vial that
has been opened. Reusing, reprocessing or
resterilizing may compromise the structural
integrity of the device and or lead
to device failure, which in turn may result
in patient injury, illness or death. Reusing,
reprocessing or resterilizing may also
create a risk of contamination of the device
and or cause patient infection or cross
infection including, but not limited to,
the transmission of infectious disease(s)
from one patient to another. Contamina-
tion of the device may lead to injury,
illness or death of the patient. All proce-
dures must be performed according to
accepted aseptic technique.
HepaSphere Microspheres MUST NOT be
used in their original dry state. They must
be reconstituted before use. HepaSphere
Microspheres swell in aqueous solution.
The magnitude of swelling depends on the
ionic concentration of the solution. The
microspheres swell to approximately four
times their diameter in 0.9% NaCl aqueous
solution and nonionic contrast media, as
compared to their initial dry diameter. The
magnitude of swelling when loaded with
doxorubicin HCl is dependent upon the
amount of drug with which the product is
loaded. Lyophilized doxorubicin HCl must
be reconstituted in NaCl 0.9 % solution.
HepaSphere Microspheres undergo a
size decrease of about 20% when loaded
with doxorubicin HCl, and 30% when
loaded with irinotecan compared to the
size in pure NaCl 0.9 % aqueous solution.
HepaSphere Microspheres are compress-
ible and can be injected easily through
microcatheters. However, injection of the
HepaSphere Microspheres before they are
fully expanded could result in failure to
reach the intended embolization target
and possible embolization of a larger tissue
area.
Note: Maximum recommended concen-
tration of doxorubicin HCl is 5mg/ml.
Concentrations of doxorubicin HCl above
5mg/ml substantially increase the solution
viscosity and make it dicult to handle
with HepaSphere Microspheres.
Maximum recommended concentration of
irinotecan is 20 mg/ml.
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