D E P A R T M E N T O F T H E AT T O R N E Y G E N E R AL
News Release
NEIL ABERCROMBIE
GOVERNOR
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
David M. Louie Russell Suzuki
Attorney General First Deputy Attorney General
Phone: (808) 586-1500
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
449673.1
For Immediate Release: February 9, 2012 News Release 2012-02
Hawaii Joins $25 Billion Joint State-Federal
Mortgage Servicing Settlement on Foreclosure Wrongs
Hawaii’s share of national settlement estimated at over $71 Million
HONOLULU - Attorney General David M. Louie on Thursday formally joined a landmark
$25 billion joint federal-state agreement with the nation’s five largest mortgage servicers
over foreclosure abuses and fraud, and unacceptable nationwide mortgage servicing
practices. The banks involved in the agreement are: Bank of America Corp., J.P.
Morgan Chase & Co., Wells Fargo & Co., Citigroup, Inc., and Ally Financial, Inc. (Ally is
the parent of GMAC Mortgage). 49 states and the District of Columbia are part of the
agreement.
“This agreement is a very good deal for Hawaii’s homeowners. It provides real
relief and real money to help struggling homeowners in our state,” said Attorney
General Louie. “Importantly, this puts a stop to the bad practices of many banks,
and puts into place a comprehensive set of reforms for how banks must treat
homeowners with mortgages.”
Keali‘i Lopez, the Director of Commerce and Consumer Affairs, said of the agreement:
"This settlement for the affected homeowners is long overdue. The state did not
wait for this settlement before we addressed the mortgage problems plaguing
Hawaii homeowners. Hawaii addressed some of the key provisions in today's
settlement last year with the Mortgage Foreclosure Dispute Resolution Program
and Act 48."
Thousands of Hawaii homeowners will benefit from the agreement, which provides an
estimated more than $8.2 Million in direct relief to Hawaii homeowners and
addresses future mortgage loan servicing practices. U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder,
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U.S. Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Secretary Shaun Donovan and a
bipartisan group of state attorneys general announced the national settlement today in
Washington, D.C.
The state’s estimated share of the settlement is over $71 Million
• Hawaii’s borrowers will receive an estimated $60 Million in benefits from loan
term modifications and other direct relief, including principal reductions and
deficiency waivers. This includes:
o $9.3 Million to address refinancing for Hawaii’s underwater borrowers; and
o Over $3.2 Million paid directly to Hawaii homeowners who were
improperly foreclosed on between January 1, 2008 through December 31,
2011.
• Hawaii’s borrowers who lost their homes to foreclosure from January 1, 2008
through December 31, 2011 and suffered servicing abuses would qualify for up
to $2,000 in cash payments. Borrowers will be able to apply for such relief with
no requirement to prove financial harm, and they can accept the money without
having to release their individual claims against the servicers or the right to
participate in the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) review process.
Borrowers will be contacted by the banks regarding loan modifications and
principal reduction.
• The state will receive a direct payment of $8.2 Million. These monies will be
administered by the Department of the Attorney General, held in trust to provide
benefits to Hawaii homeowners.
Reaction to the settlement locally has been positive. According to the Reverend
Bob Nakata, former legislator and board member of Faith Action for Community Equity
(FACE) Hawaii, “Attorneys General across the country were able to get all the big banks
to agree to a common standard for servicing the troubled loans - and this is a game
changer for families trying to navigate the maze of loan modification rules and policies.”
Added FACE’s Lead Organizer, Drew Astolfi, "the law is catching up to the sweeping
changes in the banking industry made in the 90's, and this settlement moves the ball
down the field towards fairness - AG Louie and his team have done the state's
struggling homeowners a real service."
Local residents were also pleased by the news. Melba Amaral of ‘Oahu said of the
settlement, "There are strong provisions in here that would have helped me and my
family when we were struggling to get out of foreclosure.”
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Mitizi Toro, a Maui resident added, "I feel like the Attorney General must really be
listening to families like mine - when I read about the new standard for tracking
documents, and giving homeowners a single person to talk to I was really proud of
Hawaii!”
The unprecedented joint state-federal settlement is the result of a massive civil law
enforcement investigation and initiative that includes state attorneys general and state
banking regulators across the country, and nearly a dozen federal agencies. The
settlement holds banks accountable for past mortgage servicing and foreclosure fraud
and abuses and provides relief to homeowners. With the backing of a federal court
order and the oversight of an independent monitor, the settlement stops future fraud
and abuse.
Under the agreement, the five servicers have agreed to provide $25 billion under a joint
state-national settlement structure.
Nationally:
• Servicers commit a minimum of $17 billion directly to borrowers through a series
of national homeowner relief effort options, including principal reduction. Given
how the settlement is structured, servicers will actually provide up to an
estimated $32 billion in direct homeowner relief.
• Servicers commit $3 billion to a mortgage refinancing program for borrowers who
are current, but owe more than their home is currently worth.
• Servicers pay $5 billion to the states and federal government ($4.25 billion to the
states and $750 million to the federal government). The state payments include
funding for payments to borrowers for mortgage servicing abuse.
• Homeowners receive comprehensive new protections for new mortgage loan
servicing and foreclosure standards.
• An independent monitor will ensure mortgage servicer compliance.
• States can pursue civil claims outside of the agreement, such as any criminal
cases. Borrowers and investors can pursue individual, institutional or class
action cases regardless of the agreement.
• Borrowers and investors can pursue individual, institutional, or class action cases
regardless of the agreement.
The settlement does not grant any immunity from criminal offenses and will not affect
criminal prosecutions. The agreement does not prevent homeowners or investors from
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pursuing individual, institutional or class action civil cases against the five servicers.
The pact also enables state attorneys general and federal agencies to investigate and
pursue other aspects of the mortgage crisis, including securities cases and MERS
(Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems) claims.
On January 27, 2012, U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder along with HUD Secretary
Donovan, Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Director of Enforcement Robert
Khuzami and New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman announced the formation
of the Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Working Group. The working group will
investigate those responsible for misconduct contributing to the financial crisis through
the pooling and sale of residential mortgage-backed securities.
“This agreement addresses breakdowns in the mortgage servicing industry, and
allows us to pursue other mortgage-related misconduct,” said Attorney General
Louie.
“While this settlement includes significant relief for homeowners, it also puts in
place new protections for homeowners in the form of mortgage servicing
standards,” Attorney General Louie said. “That’s not something we’d see if we
simply won a money judgment in a trial.”
The final agreement, through a consent judgment, will be filed in U.S. District Court in
Washington, D.C., and will have the authority of a court order.
This enforcement action targets one segment of the nation’s vast and complex
mortgage market, though the new servicing standards will apply to all mortgage loans
serviced by the settling banks.
Because of the complexity of the mortgage market and this agreement, which will span
a three year period, in some cases participating mortgage servicers will contact
borrowers directly regarding loan modification options. However, borrowers should
contact their mortgage servicer to obtain more information about specific loan
modification programs and whether they qualify under terms of this settlement.
Settlement administrators or state attorneys general may also contact borrowers
regarding certain aspects of the settlement.
More information will be made available as the settlement programs are implemented.
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[MORE]
A list of FAQs is attached to this release as an appendix. In addition, for information on
the proposed agreement:
http://hawaii.gov/ag/mortgagesettlement
www.NationalMortgageSettlement.com
www.HUD.gov
www.DOJ.gov
# # #
For more information, contact:
Joshua Wisch
Special Assistant to the Attorney General
(808) 586-1284
(808) 542-4089 (cell)
joshua.a.wisch@hawaii.gov
http://hawaii.gov/ag/
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APPENDIX – JOINT STATE-FEDERAL MORTGAGE SERVICING SETTLEMENT
FAQ
Q: What is a mortgage servicer and how do I know who services my loan?
A: A mortgage servicer administers mortgage loans, including collecting and recording
payments from borrowers. A servicer also handles loan defaults and foreclosures, and
may offer loss mitigation programs to assist delinquent borrowers.
The company that you make your monthly payment to is your mortgage servicer. Your
mortgage servicer may or may not be a lending institution and may or may not own your
loan. Many of the loans administered by servicers are owned by third-party investors.
This settlement involves the nation’s five largest mortgage servicers, including Bank of
America Corp., J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., Wells Fargo & Co., Citigroup, Inc., and Ally
Financial, Inc. (Ally is the parent of GMAC Mortgage).
Loans owned by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac are not impacted by this settlement. You
may visit the following websites to learn if your loan is owned by either Fannie Mae or
Freddie Mac:
• www.fanniemae.com/homeaffordable
• www.freddiemac.com/avoidforeclosure
Q: How does this settlement hold the banks accountable?
A: This is a settlement that primarily addresses the banks’ servicing of loans, including
their handling of foreclosures. One of the primary areas of attention was the practice
known as “robo-signing” where the banks submitted foreclosure documents that were
not properly reviewed or notarized. This settlement holds the banks accountable for
their servicing violations through substantial financial penalties and extensive consumer
relief.
This is the second largest civil settlement ever obtained by the state attorneys general.
It’s second only to the tobacco settlement that has spread payments to the states over
25 years. The settlement will cost the nation’s five largest mortgage servicers, which
control about 60 percent of the mortgage servicing market, an estimated $25 to $32
billion.
The settlement will require the banks to accomplish a massive undertaking – changing
their broken system of servicing loans into one that is functional. The banks will reduce
the principal on many of their loans – something that they have resisted for years – to
allow homeowners to keep their homes. They will also refinance loans for “underwater”
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borrowers who have been unable to refinance due to negative equity. They will pay
billions of dollars to the states, and, most importantly, commit billions more to
consumers.
The banks will be subject to a federal court order enforceable by a federal judge. In
addition, a special independent monitor will have the authority to oversee the banks and
require their compliance. Federal agencies and state attorneys general can enforce
compliance if there are violations.
The agreement holds the banks accountable for their wrongdoing on robo-signing and
mortgage servicing. This settlement does not seek to hold them responsible for all their
wrongs over the past five years.
The agreement and its release preserve legal options for others to pursue.
Governmental entities and private parties are aggressively pursuing securities cases
against the banks. A joint federal-state task force has been formed to investigate and
prosecute those responsible for the collapse of the mortgage lending and investment
markets.
Q: Did you conduct an investigation?
A: Yes. The robo-signing investigation began in October of 2010, as an investigation
into the alleged false affidavits submitted in foreclosure proceedings. Its scope soon
broadened to encompass a long list of mortgage servicing issues, such as lost
paperwork, and long delays and missed deadlines for loan modifications. Long before
they announced their investigation, attorneys general and state banking regulators
across the country fielded thousands of mortgage servicing complaints. Many states
took part in mortgage-related working groups, launched foreclosure prevention efforts,
and took action against subprime and predatory lenders. Attorneys general have
probably had more front-line experience with mortgage servicing than any other
governmental entity.
After the states began their investigation in this case, they partnered with the U.S.
Justice Department, the Treasury Department, and the Department of Housing and
Urban Development. Federal agencies provided the joint state-federal legal team with
strong and detailed evidence concerning robo-signing and other servicing abuses. The
state attorneys general also partnered with state banking commissioners who
conducted thorough examinations of mortgage servicers under their jurisdiction. The
level of cooperation among the states and between the states and federal government
was unprecedented, and gave the joint state-federal negotiating team substantial
leverage in this extraordinary settlement.
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Q: Will this settlement fix the entire mortgage industry breakdown?
A: No. This is a mortgage servicing settlement that addresses only a portion of the
mortgage lending system. However, the settlement’s tough, new mortgage servicing
standards will have a widespread impact on future mortgage loan servicing.
States and federal agencies that sign onto the agreement are not restricted from
investigating and pursuing many other mortgage-related issues, including securities-
related cases, criminal cases, and other matters connected to the mortgage crisis.
On January 27, 2012, U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder along with Housing and Urban
Development (HUD) Secretary Shaun Donovan, Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC) Director of Enforcement Robert Khuzami and New York Attorney General Eric
Schneiderman announced the formation of the Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities
Working Group. The working group will investigate those responsible for misconduct
contributing to the financial crisis through the pooling and sale of residential mortgage-
backed securities.
Q: Why don’t you sue the banks and try to get even more money?
A: Litigation takes time, it carries substantial risks, and it expends significant resources.
While legal cases drag on, homeowners in desperate need of relief are left to watch and
wait for an uncertain outcome.
Millions more homeowners will likely lose their homes long before the court battles end.
The outcome of litigation, win or lose, is anything but certain. Even if the cases were
successful, it is unlikely that the recovery would exceed $25 billion and produce the
major servicing reforms obtained in this settlement.
And a money judgment could not realistically include principal reduction requirements,
refinancing for underwater borrowers, and many of the other significant components of
this agreement.
Q: A majority of mortgages are unaffected by this settlement. When will you work
to obtain relief for the vast majority of homeowners?
A: This settlement primarily affects mortgages that are owned and held by the nation’s
largest bank servicers. Those homeowners may receive benefits such as modifications,
principal reductions or direct payments from lenders.
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Two government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs), Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, control
a majority of the nation’s mortgage loans. GSE loans are not eligible for parts of this
settlement because of positions their regulator, FHFA, has taken.
However, homeowners with GSE-controlled mortgages who won’t directly benefit from
settlement-related programs – that’s most of us – will still see benefits through dropping
foreclosures, stabilizing home values and significant new mortgage servicing standards
and consumer protections.
This settlement, in addition to recent federal efforts to modify Freddie and Fannie loans,
means that the majority of distressed borrowers might qualify for some level of help.
Q: What about those of us who keep making our mortgage payments?
A: Borrowers who are current in their payments but are “underwater” on their
mortgages may qualify for refinancing relief under the settlement.
Beyond that, the mortgage servicers involved in this settlement broke the law, the
conduct harmed borrowers, and this settlement addresses that conduct. If the
mortgage servicers followed the law, many foreclosures likely could have been
prevented. Foreclosure has a profound impact beyond the borrower and the creditor. A
foreclosure affects homeowners, families, neighborhoods, communities, the housing
market and our overall economy.
When a house is subject to foreclosure, it creates a ripple effect that lowers the value of
nearby single-family homes and other properties. In 2009 the Center for Responsible
Lending projected that homeowners living near foreclosed properties, on average,
would lose $7,200 in property value, and projected a four-year increase in losses to
$20,300 per household.
Foreclosures contribute to unstable family and social environments. They increase
stress on homeowners, their families and their neighbors. These deteriorating,
neglected properties and neighboring property value losses create neighborhood blight,
cut a community’s tax base, and can contribute to crime. Displaced homeowners put
other stresses on communities, including the need for shelter and social services.
Foreclosures affect everyone and affect our economy – even those who play by the
rules and pay their monthly mortgage on time.
Q: Why force banks to forgive large portions of peoples’ loans?
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A: The states and federal agencies established that the servicers have done wrong –
through improper lending practices, improper foreclosures, etc. – and in response the
banks have agreed to a settlement that helps many homeowners who have been hurt
by misconduct in the marketplace.
Some banks have already acknowledged that principal reduction can be an effective
tool in stabilizing the housing market and have already been forgiving portions of some
loans. The idea is to keep people in their homes. The banks lose, on average, about
$60,000 on each foreclosure. It is a win-win proposition for the banks to give up some
principal – instead of that $60,000 cost of each foreclosure – and allow people to remain
in their homes. As a matter of pure economics, principal foreclosure is often better for
the bank than the massive losses associated with foreclosure.
The huge number of foreclosures impacts all of us: our nest eggs erode, we may no
longer borrow against our homes, and we can’t sell them when we need to. Principal
reduction is one of the tools we’ve negotiated to help keep more people in their homes
and help stabilize the housing market — which helps all of us. It’s true that principal
forgiveness at this level is extraordinary. But so is the mortgage crisis, which affects
families, our neighborhoods and our economy. Big problems require big solutions.
Q: Will investors in mortgage-backed securities ultimately pay for part of this
settlement?
A: Participating banks own the vast majority of the mortgage loans that this settlement is
expected to affect. The settlement could affect some investor-owned loans, depending
on existing agreements servicers have with those investors.
When banks weigh which mortgage loans to modify as part of this settlement, they will
do so based on first analyzing the costs and the benefits of minimizing their losses. If a
loan modification, including principal reduction, is projected to cost the creditor or
investor less than foreclosure, the creditor will earn more on that loan.
In other words, this settlement will not force investors to incur losses. That’s because
any loan modification tied to this settlement will result in more of a financial return for an
investor than a foreclosure would.
Q: Will taxpayers ultimately pay for this settlement?
A: No, the settlement is not funded by taxpayers.
Q: Why are you releasing the banks from some claims?
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A: The release of claims relinquishes particular state and federal claims on issues
addressed by the settlement. The release is narrow and is limited to mortgage servicing
and origination claims. States that sign on may still pursue other claims against the
banks, such as securities and securitization claims. States could also sue financial
institutions that are not part of the settlement.
States that opt not to sign the agreement are free to pursue their own legal actions.
However, those states would give up all the funds designated specifically for their state
and its citizens who were foreclosure victims. Homeowners of those states would also
only qualify for a significantly reduced amount of loan modification and other benefits
being distributed as part of the settlement’s national programs.
The agreement does not affect any individual’s rights. A consumer may still bring an
individual action, be a part of a class action, or seek further review/relief from the Office
of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC).
Q: Does this immunize banks from prosecution?
A: No. There’s no criminal immunity whatsoever. State attorneys general are using
their civil law enforcement authority to fight for homeowners. They are not immunizing
any individuals or institutions from prosecution. Criminal prosecutions are an entirely
separate matter from a civil legal matter. This is a civil, not a criminal, settlement, and
this settlement does not prevent state or federal prosecutions.
Q: How will this settlement protect consumers in the future?
A: The banks have agreed to major reforms in how they service mortgage loans. These
new servicing standards require lenders and servicers to adhere to a long list of rights
for those facing foreclosure. For example, borrowers will have the right to see all of
their loan documents to make sure any potential foreclosure is legal; they will be given
every opportunity to first modify their loan before facing foreclosure; lenders and
servicers will be required to have an appropriate number of well-trained staff members
to promptly respond to the needs of distressed borrowers; and finally, borrowers will
have the right to deal with a reliable, single point of contact so they have access to a
person from whom to obtain information throughout the process. This is very important
because, throughout the foreclosure crisis, borrowers have lodged widespread
complaints about their frustrations in trying to work with their lenders. They’ve
complained about unresponsive employees, lost documents, and conflicting information.
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Q: Why doesn’t this settlement deal with the banks’ conduct in securitizing
loans?
A: This case began with robo-signing and was later expanded to foreclosure conduct
and other mortgage servicing abuses. These are major, complex issues in themselves.
What the state attorneys general have received in return for releasing claims on these
matters is huge – billions in loan modifications and other benefits for borrowers who
have been harmed as well as significant new protections for homeowners.
This case has focused on getting relief for homeowners, not for hedge fund investors.
Expanding the reach to securities and securitization would have slowed the case
considerably and massively increased the complexity of an already complex situation. It
would have pitted the interests of homeowners against powerful investment funds,
insurance companies and other private investors.
Nothing in this settlement prevents attorneys general or others from investigating,
pursuing legal action, or seeking settlements related to securities.
Q: How can we be assured that the banks will comply with the new servicing
standards?
A: This settlement is backed by a federal court order. State attorneys general and the
U.S. Department of Justice can seek redress if the banks don’t follow the settlement
terms.
The settlement also includes an independent monitor. The monitor, who will work from
a strict set of objective measuring standards, will oversee the carrying out of this
agreement and will report to the states and federal agencies on the banks’ compliance.
There are significant penalties if the banks violate the court judgment. A court ordered
settlement is very different from the voluntary, foreclosure prevention efforts that have
been tried to date.
Q: How does this settlement affect members of the military?
A: The Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (SCRA) provides protections for active service
members, including postponing or suspending certain civil obligations, such as
mortgage payments and foreclosure. This settlement provides enhanced safeguards
for military personnel that go beyond SCRA protections, including extending the window
of protections for qualified service members, and not requiring service members to be
delinquent to qualify for a short sale, loan modification, or other loss mitigation relief if
the service member suffers financial hardship and is otherwise eligible for such loss
mitigation.
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Q: How will I know whether this settlement affects my situation?
A: Because of the complexity of the mortgage market and this agreement, which will be
performed over a three year period, borrowers will not immediately know if they are
eligible for relief. For loan modifications and refinance options, borrowers may be
contacted directly by one of the five participating mortgage servicers. For payments to
foreclosure victims, a settlement administrator designated by the attorneys general will
send claim forms to eligible persons. Even if you are not contacted, if your loan is
serviced by one of the five settling banks, you are encouraged to contact your servicer
to see if you are eligible.
In any event, borrowers may contact their mortgage servicer to obtain more information
about specific loan modification programs and whether the borrower may be impacted
by this settlement. More information will be made available as the settlement programs
are implemented.
For more information on the proposed agreement:
http://hawaii.gov/ag/mortgagesettlement
www.NationalMortgageSettlement.com
www.HUD.gov
www.DOJ.gov
Ally/GMAC
(800-766-4622)
https://www.gmacmortgage.com/finform/hhstart.htm
Bank of America
(877-488-7814) (Available Monday to Friday from 7 a.m. to 9 p.m. Central time, and
Saturdays from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Central time)
http://homeloanhelp.bankofamerica.com
Citigroup
(866-272-4749)
https://www.citimortgage.com/Mortgage/displayHomeOwnerAssistance.do?page=overvi
ew
J.P. Morgan Chase
(866-372-6901)
https://www.chase.com/chf/mortgage/keeping-your-home
Wells Fargo
(800-288-3212) (Available Monday to Friday 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Central time)
https://www.wellsfargo.com/homeassist/
