Laundering guide for Nomex
®
aramid fiber
3
Non-durable water and oil repellents
Water and oil repellency may be a desirable feature in some
industrial applications. If the original fabric has not been treated
with a repellent, water and oil repellency can be obtained by
using sprays or laundry-applied chemicals. Laboratory tests
have shown that fluorocarbon sprays, such as FIRELINE WINSOL
GUARD 690 PLUS, when applied according to manufacturers'
recommendations, will impart water and oil repellency to items
made of Nomex
®
with minimal effect on the thermal protection
of the garment. These materials will cause liquids to bead on the
fabric surface and minimize wicking into the fabric. They will not,
however, prevent liquids from being forced through the open
structure of the fabric.
The use of these or other chemicals should be evaluated with
respect to the particular oils and/or solvents encountered to
determine if they meet the required chemical and thermal
protective performance criteria. In addition, because these
water repellents may wear away or wash out, retreatment may
be necessary, especially after garment cleaning.
Washing procedures
General wash formulas
The products in the appendix have been developed to wash
garments made of Nomex
®
. Modifications should be made to
meet the needs of particular types of wash loads and other
specific quality standards. Product suppliers should be
contacted to achieve the most desired result.
Wash temperatures
Detergents are primarily designed to work at 140°F (60°C).
At this temperature, these surfactant-based formulas
effectively lift oils and soil while maximizing color retention.
For heavily stained and oily garments made of Nomex
®
, a higher
temperature wash formula may be required for adequate
cleaning. The use of higher temperature formulas will not affect
the inherent flame resistance of the clothing nor overall wear
life. However, higher wash temperatures or alkalinity levels may
adversely affect garment colorfastness. Where color loss
is a concern, dry cleaning is an alternative method to remove
heavy soil while minimizing color fading.
Prevention of soil redeposition
To improve soil removal and minimize soil redeposition in
heavily soiled loads, add washing supplies to the suds cycle.
Ensure that the concentration is kept high enough to keep the
soil in suspension.
Rinsing
Garments made of Nomex
®
must be adequately rinsed to remove
residual wash chemicals. Rinse cycles should be continued until
the pH of the rinse closely approaches that of the water supply.
To minimize washer-induced wrinkles, water temperature should
be reduced in each succeeding rinse cycle until the last operation
(sour), where it should be 90°F (32°C) or lower.
Souring
Residual alkalinity in garments made of Nomex
®
can cause skin
irritation. To ensure that all traces of wash chemical alkalinity
are neutralized, sour can be added to the final rinse cycle in the
washer. Garments should not be rinsed additionally after the
sour is added. Overuse of sours should be avoided because it will
result in highly acidic fabrics. Any standard or buffered sour is
acceptable for use with items made of Nomex
®
. Check the flame
resistance properties before use.
Softeners, anti-stats and wicking agents
Generally, softeners and anti-stats are not permanently affixed
to fabrics. Instead, they should be applied in the last washer
operation, then reapplied at the end of each subsequent
wash cycle. Most softeners and anti-stats are compatible with
sours and can be applied in the sour bath. When applying any
proprietary laundry product in the washer, it is essential to seek
the supplier's advice on its exact use and possible effect on the
flammability and thermal protection of the garment.
Although the use of anti-stats may not be required with
garments made of Nomex
®
IIIA, Nomex
®
MHP or Protera
®
, the feel
and wickability of such clothing can be improved with softeners
and wicking agents.
Repellents
Some fabrics are treated with water repellents during the
manufacturing operation prior to the fabrication of clothing.
These treatments may last for many cleanings, but they are
not considered permanent. Other repellents are available that
can be applied during or after laundering to previously untreated
garments, or to previously treated garments that have lost
their repellency.
Repellent applications will reduce moisture wicking and
can make garments that come in contact with the body less
comfortable in hot, humid weather. In addition, repellent
chemicals may be flammable. Before applying any repellent,
it should be evaluated to determine if it will impact the thermal
protective performance of the garment.
Repellents can reduce the penetration of oils, solvents and
water through the fabric by causing them to bead-up on the
fabric surface. The level of repellency depends on the type and
level of the material being applied, as well as the characteristics
of the soils coming into contact with the garment. Chemical
or liquid splash protection for industrial work or laboratories
requires a specially treated fabric or an appropriate secondary
chemical barrier suit. Protective treatments added by other
manufacturers to fabrics made of Nomex
®
may require special
laundering procedures. Please refer to the manufacturer’s
laundering and care instructions.