5. BONA FIDE NEED
The Bona Fide Need rule (law) requires appropriated funds be used only to meet a
legitimate – or bona fide – government need arising in the period of that appropriation’s
availability for obligation. The Anti-Deficiency Act prohibits obligating the government in
excess of or in advance of appropriations.
Unlike traditional contracting practices where a contract has to be in effect prior to the
government receiving any services or goods, scholarships payments have a unique
requirement per a DoD legal determination. This determination states that the
government has no Bona Fide need until the scholarship student fulfills their scholarship
eligibility requirements on the 45
th
day of the term. This is commonly referred to as the
45-day rule. The 45-day rule only applies to the next generation ESA’s that specifically
state in Paragraph 3(e)., that the government assumes financial obligation on the 45
th
day.
For regular terms, the government incurs the legal obligation to pay for the scholarship
recipients’ tuition and fees on the 45
th
day of each term. Under this ruling, the Task
Order is to be issued once the Bona Fide need is known, or should be reasonably
known. Even if the student fails to maintain good standing or is withdrawn from the
course after the student met the initial scholarship requirements, the government is still
legally obligated to pay for the scholarship tuition and fees as outlined in the ESAs. See
the Withdrawal and Failure to Maintain Eligibility Benefit sections for processing these
issues.
For scholarship students, a Task Order shall be issued with an effective date of the 46
th
day of each term for all scholarship recipients who meet eligibility requirements as of the
45
th
day. A list of eligible scholarship recipients shall be included in the Task Order file.
For scholarship students who failed to meet eligibility requirements on the 45
th
day of
the term and later authorized retroactive payments, the Bona Fide need date is the
effective day they are authorized retroactive payments (See Medical Leave of Absence
and Scholarship Eligibility Reinstatements for further guidance).
To calculate the 45-day counter, day 1 is the first day that the university actually starts
classes (i.e. if term starts on a Sunday, Monday when students go to class is
considered day 1). When the 45
th
day is on a weekend/holiday in which the university
does not hold classes, then the 45
th
day is the previous last date classes were held (i.e.
45
th
day is on a Sunday, then the 45
th
day would move forward to the previous Friday).
Freshman Orientation requirements are not considered part of the term for calculating
the 45
th
day requirement.
Summer school and other accelerated academic classes referred to as condensed
course are not an academic term. These classes do not fall under the 45-day rule, and
the bona fide need to pay the tuition bill is established on the first day of any