Key findings from this report include:
Total Marketplace Plan Selections: During the 2024 OEP, over 21.4 million
consumers selected or were automatically re-enrolled
2
in health insurance
coverage through HealthCare.gov Marketplaces and SBMs. 5.1 million more
consumers signed up for coverage during the 2024 OEP compared to the 2023
OEP, a 31% increase. Nearly 7 million more consumers signed up compared to
the 2022 OEP and 9.4 million more consumers signed up compared to the 2021
OEP, reflecting a 48% and 79% increase respectively.
•
HealthCare.gov Marketplaces Plan Selections: In HealthCare.gov
Marketplaces, 16.4 million consumers selected plans during the 2024 OEP
between November 1, 2023 and January 16, 2024.
•
State-based Marketplaces Plan Selections: Across the 19 SBMs, 5.1 million
consumers selected plans during the 2024 OEP from November 1, 2023
through the end of their respective OEPs.
HEALTH INSURANCE MARKETPLACES 2024 OPEN ENROLLMENT REPORT
The Health Insurance Marketplaces 2024 Open Enrollment Report summarizes
health plan selections through the individual Marketplaces during the 2024 Open
Enrollment Period (OEP). This report includes OEP data for the 32 states with
Marketplaces that use the HealthCare.gov eligibility and enrollment platform for the
2024 plan year (HealthCare.gov Marketplaces), as well as for the 19 State-based
Marketplaces (SBMs) that use their own eligibility and enrollment platforms.
1
1
Plan selections and other data by Marketplace platform for each OEP reflects the status of the state’s platform at
the time of that OEP unless noted otherwise. Data for SBMs that use their own eligibility and enrollment platforms
are retrieved from the respective states’ information systems and have not been fully validated by CMS; thus,
metrics for these states may vary. The 19 SBMs that use their own eligibility and enrollment platforms in 2024 are
California, Colorado, Connecticut, the District of Columbia, Idaho, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia and
Washington. Virginia transitioned to a SBM for the 2024 plan year; Kentucky, Maine, and New Mexico transitioned
to SBMs for the 2022 plan year; New Jersey and Pennsylvania transitioned to SBMs for the 2021 plan year; and
Nevada transitioned to a SBM for the 2020 plan year.
2
As in prior years, consumers with Marketplace coverage at the end of 2023 who did not make an active plan
selection were generally automatically re-enrolled for 2024 coverage. When consumers had 2024 Marketplace plans
available to them from their 2023 issuer, they were generally automatically re-enrolled into the same plan as 2023 or
a different plan from the same issuer. Depending on the Marketplace, they could also be automatically re-enrolled
into a suggested alternate plan from a different issuer if no plan from their current issuer was available to them.
Beginning in plan year 2024, CMS finalized a change to the hierarchy at 45 CFR 155.335(j)(4) that allows
Marketplaces to modify their automatic re-enrollment hierarchies such that some consumers who are eligible for
CSRs and are currently enrolled in a bronze level QHP are instead automatically re-enrolled in a silver-level QHP
(with CSRs).
•
New Consumers: Nationwide, the number of new consumers selecting
Marketplace coverage during the 2024 OEP increased by 41%, to 5.2 million
from 3.7 million in the 2023 OEP.
•
Demographic Trends: Among consumers who attested to a race or ethnicity,
22% identified as Hispanic/Latino in the 2024 OEP, compared to 21% in the
2023 OEP, and the percent of consumers who attested to a race or ethnicity
and identified as Black remained at 9% in the 2024 OEP.
•
Premiums and Financial Assistance: Nationwide, 9.6 million more consumers
are receiving Advance Payments of the Premium Tax Credit (APTC) in 2024
compared to 2021. Additionally, 1.5 million consumers reported household
incomes over 400% of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL) during the 2024 OEP.
Without the continued expansion of subsidies made available through the
American Rescue Plan (ARP) and Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), these
consumers would have been ineligible for APTC. The average monthly
premium after APTC fell by 32%, from $164 in 2021 to $111 in 2024, and 44%
of consumers, or nearly 9.4 million people, selected a plan for $10 or less per
month after APTC during the 2024 OEP.
•
Cost-Sharing: For the 2024 OEP, 50% of all Marketplace consumers received
cost-sharing reductions (CSRs).
•
Consumer Savings due to ARP and IRA: National estimates show that most
consumers qualify for $0 premiums or are continuing to see annual premium
savings exceeding $800, underscoring the continued impact of expanded
subsidies made available through the ARP/IRA.
3
In HealthCare.gov
Marketplaces, consumers with APTC are saving an average of 48% on
monthly premiums, due to the continued availability of expanded subsidies
through the IRA.
3
As a result of ARP/IRA changes to the applicable percentage table (https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-drop/rp-23-
29.pdfhttps://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-drop/rp-23-29.pdf), households with incomes under 150% FPL have access to
QHPs with $0 or near-$0 premium amounts. Table 8 reports the average premium savings from ARP/IRA across all
income categories at $705 per year. For income groups above 150% FPL, the average premium savings from
ARP/IRA exceed $800 per year.
HealthCare.gov Marketplaces State-based Marketplaces
25
21.4M
20
5.1M
16.4M
15
14.5M
4.2M
11.4M
12.0M
4.3M
10
3.1M
3.8M
16.4M
5
8.3M 8.3M
10.3M
12.2M
0
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
CONSUMERS SELECTING PLANS THROUGH THE MARKETPLACES: 50 STATES,
PLUS DC
During the 2024 OEP, 21.4 million consumers selected or were automatically re-
enrolled in a Marketplace plan. This includes 16.4 million consumers in Marketplaces
using the HealthCare.gov platform and 5.1 million consumers in SBMs using their
own platforms (see Figure 1).
Figure 1: Plan Selections during 2020 - 2024 Open Enrollment Periods
4
4
For HealthCare.gov Marketplaces: the 2020 OEP was from 11/1/2019 to 12/15/2019, with data reported through
12/21/2019 (this includes the additional time provided to consumers who were unable to enroll by the original
deadline); the 2021 OEP was from 11/1/2020 to 12/15/2020, with data reported through 12/21/2020 (this includes
the additional time provided to consumers who were unable to enroll by the original deadline); the 2022 OEP was
from 11/1/2021 to 1/15/2022, with data reported through 1/15/2022; the 2023 OEP was from 11/1/2022 to
1/15/2023, with data reported through 1/15/2023; the 2024 OEP was from 11/1/2023 to 1/16/2024, with data
reported through 1/16/2024. Dates through which data are reported vary for SBMs; see the PUF FAQs for detailed
information.
Nationwide, the number of plan selections during the 2024 OEP increased by 31% in
comparison to the 2023 OEP, 48% in comparison to the 2022 OEP, and 79% in
comparison to the 2021 OEP (see Table 1). In HealthCare.gov Marketplaces, plan
selections increased by 34%, to 16.4 million during the 2024 OEP from 12.2 million
during the 2023 OEP. In comparison to the 2022 OEP, plan selections increased by
60% from 10.3 million. Plan selections in SBMs increased by 22% to 5.1 million during
the 2024 OEP from 4.2 million during the 2023 OEP and by 19% from 4.3 million
during the 2022 OEP. HealthCare.gov data reflects the HealthCare.gov platform’s
2024 OEP which ran from November 1, 2023 through January 16, 2024. For the SBMs,
the number of plan selections included in this report reflects data from the
timeframe of each SBM’s 2024 OEP, which varies by state.
From 2023 to 2024, 44 of the 51 Marketplaces saw increases in plan selections of at
least 10%. While plan selections in Medicaid non-expansion states accounted for over
half of total 2024 OEP plan selections, several Medicaid expansion states experienced
greater increases in plan selections. The states with the highest increases in plan
selections, from 2023 to 2024, included West Virginia (80%), Louisiana (76%), Ohio
(62%), Indiana (60%), and Tennessee (59%). In contrast, the Marketplaces with the
smallest increases in plan selections, from 2023 to 2024, included California and
Nevada (3%), Hawaii and Oregon (2%), and the District of Columbia (0%). Notably,
only one Marketplace, Maine (-1%), saw a decrease in plan selections.
Table 1: OEP Plan Selections by State
State
2024
Platform
2024
2023
2022
2021
% Change
2023 to
2024
% Change
2022 to
2024
Total
HC.gov
SBM
&
21,446,150
16,357,030
14,511,077
12,004,365
31%
48%
AK
HC.gov
27,464
25,572
22,786
18,184
7%
21%
AL
HC.gov
386,195
258,327
219,314
169,119
49%
76%
AR
HC.gov
156,607
100,407
88,226
66,094
56%
78%
AZ
HC.gov
348,055
235,229
199,706
154,504
48%
74%
CA
SBM
1,784,653
1,739,368
1,777,442
1,625,546
3%
0%
CO
SBM
237,106
201,758
198,412
179,607
18%
20%
CT
SBM
129,000
108,132
112,633
104,946
19%
15%
DC
SBM
14,799
14,768
15,989
16,947
0%
-7%
DE
HC.gov
44,842
34,742
32,113
25,320
29%
40%
FL
HC.gov
4,211,902
3,225,435
2,723,094
2,120,350
31%
55%
GA
HC.gov
1,305,114
879,084
701,135
517,113
48%
86%
HI
HC.gov
22,170
21,645
22,327
22,903
2%
-1%
IA
HC.gov
111,423
82,704
72,240
59,228
35%
54%
ID
SBM
103,783
79,927
73,359
68,832
30%
41%
IL
HC.gov
398,814
342,995
323,427
291,215
16%
23%
IN
HC.gov
295,772
185,354
156,926
136,593
60%
88%
KS
HC.gov
171,376
124,473
107,784
88,627
38%
59%
KY
SBM
75,317
62,562
73,935
77,821
20%
2%
LA
HC.gov
212,493
120,804
99,626
83,159
76%
113%
MA
SBM
311,199
232,621
268,023
294,097
34%
16%
MD
SBM
213,895
182,166
181,603
166,038
17%
18%
ME
SBM
62,586
63,388
66,095
59,738
-1%
-5%
State
2024
Platform
2024
2023
2022
2021
% Change
2023 to
2024
% Change
2022 to
2024
MI
HC.gov
418,100
322,273
303,550
267,070
30%
38%
MN
SBM
135,001
118,431
121,322
112,804
14%
11%
MO
HC.gov
359,369
257,629
250,341
215,311
39%
44%
MS
HC.gov
286,410
183,478
143,014
110,966
56%
100%
MT
HC.gov
66,336
53,860
51,134
44,711
23%
30%
NC
HC.gov
1,027,930
800,850
670,223
535,803
28%
53%
ND
HC.gov
38,535
34,130
29,873
22,709
13%
29%
NE
HC.gov
117,882
101,490
99,011
88,688
16%
19%
NH
HC.gov
65,117
54,557
52,497
46,670
19%
24%
NJ
SBM
397,942
341,901
324,266
269,560
16%
23%
NM
SBM
56,472
40,778
45,664
42,984
38%
24%
NV
SBM
99,312
96,379
101,411
81,903
3%
-2%
NY
SBM
288,681
214,052
221,895
215,889
35%
30%
OH
HC.gov
477,793
294,644
259,999
201,069
62%
84%
OK
HC.gov
277,436
203,157
189,444
171,551
37%
46%
OR
HC.gov
145,509
141,963
146,602
141,089
2%
-1%
PA
SBM
434,571
371,516
374,776
337,722
17%
16%
RI
SBM
36,121
29,626
32,345
31,174
22%
12%
SC
HC.gov
571,175
382,968
300,392
230,050
49%
90%
SD
HC.gov
52,974
47,591
41,339
31,375
11%
28%
TN
HC.gov
555,103
348,097
273,680
212,052
59%
103%
TX
HC.gov
3,484,632
2,410,810
1,840,947
1,291,972
45%
89%
UT
HC.gov
366,939
295,196
256,932
207,911
24%
43%
VA
SBM
400,058
346,140
307,946
261,943
16%
30%
VT
SBM
30,027
25,664
26,705
24,866
17%
12%
State
2024
Platform
2024
2023
2022
2021
% Change
2023 to
2024
% Change
2022 to
2024
WA
SBM
272,494
230,371
239,566
222,731
18%
14%
WI
HC.gov
266,327
221,128
212,209
191,702
20%
26%
WV
HC.gov
51,046
28,325
23,037
19,381
80%
122%
WY
HC.gov
42,293
38,565
34,762
26,728
10%
22%
Table 2 shows Basic Health Program (BHP) enrollment for states that have implemented a BHP.
5
In Minnesota and
New York, consumers who apply for coverage with household incomes between 133% and 200% of the FPL and are
not eligible for minimum essential coverage, including Medicaid or the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP),
are enrolled in the applicable state BHP instead of a Qualified Health Plan (QHP).
6
Total BHP enrollment increased
33% from approximately 975,000 enrollees in the 2021 OEP to 1.3 million enrollees during the 2024 OEP. Minnesota’s
BHP enrollment increased 9% and New York’s increased by 7% from 2023 to 2024.
Table 2: Basic Health Program Enrollment
7
State
2024
2023
2022
2021
% Change
2023 to
2024
% Change
2022 to
2024
% Change
2021 to
2024
Total
1,302,034
1,217,921
1,054,603
975,337
7%
23%
33%
Minnesota
103,638
94,811
98,581
91,886
9%
5%
13%
New York
1,198,396
1,123,110
956,022
883,451
7%
25%
36%
5
BHP enrollment is not limited to an OEP; the data reflects BHP enrollments as of the end date of the New York’s and Minnesota’s OEPs. For the 2024 OEP
New York’s data is as of 2/3/2024 and Minnesota’s data is as of 1/15/2024.
6
The BHP also provides coverage to lawfully present noncitizens with household income below 200% FPL who are ineligible for Medicaid or CHIP due to
immigration status.
7
New York's BHP is known as the Essential Plan and Minnesota's BHP is known as MinnesotaCare.
Figure 2 illustrates the comparison of new and returning consumer plan selections
nationwide during OEPs from 2020 to 2024. In the 2024 OEP, new consumer plan
selections across all Marketplaces exceeded 5.2 million, approximately 2.4 million
more than the 2020 OEP. In comparison to the 2023 OEP, new consumer enrollment
increased by 41%. As demonstrated below, 16.2 million enrollees returned to the
Marketplaces actively or through auto re-enrollment, representing a 28% increase
from 12.7 million in 2023.
Figure 2: New and Returning Consumer Plan Selections during 2020 to 2024
Open Enrollment Periods
Table 3 summarizes consumers who selected Marketplace plans during the 2021 to 2024 OEPs by enrollment type.
Nationally, new consumer plan selections, as a percentage of total plan selections, increased from 21% in the 2021
and 2022 OEPs to 24% in the 2024 OEP. Actively returning consumer plan selections decreased from 47% to 45% from
2023 to 2024. In 2024, 52% of HealthCare.gov enrollees represented actively returning consumers, while 26% were
consumers new to the HealthCare.gov platform. For SBMs, 19% of plan selections were new consumers and 23% were
actively returning in 2024. Additional plan selection and demographic data for Marketplaces in all 50 states plus DC
are provided in the accompanying public use files (PUFs).
Table 3: Summary of OEP Plan Selections by Enrollment Type
Count
2024
Count
2023
Count
2022
Count
2021
% of
Total
2024
% of
Total
2023
% of
Total
2022
% of
Total
2021
New Consumers: All Marketplaces
5,215,764
3,699,749
3,066,360
2,545,559
24
23
21
21
Returning Consumers Re-enrolling
in Coverage: All Marketplaces
16,230,386
12,657,281 11,444,717
9,458,806
76
77
79
79
Active Re-enrollees: All
Marketplaces
9,659,365
7,629,744
6,742,948
5,513,796
45
47
46
46
Automatic Re-enrollees: All
Marketplaces
6,571,021
5,027,537
4,701,769
3,945,010
31
31
32
33
HealthCare.gov Marketplaces
New Consumers: HC.gov
Marketplaces
4,226,461
3,000,155
2,380,835
1,884,174
26
25
23
23
Returning Consumers Re-enrolling
in Coverage: HC.gov Marketplaces
12,136,672
9,203,467
7,874,801
6,367,529
74
75
77
77
Count
2024
Count
2023
Count
2022
Count
2021
% of
Total
2024
% of
Total
2023
% of
Total
2022
% of
Total
2021
Active Re-enrollees: HC.gov
Marketplaces
8,511,722
6,654,213
5,680,878
4,648,617
52
55
55
56
Automatic Re-enrollees: HC.gov
Marketplaces
3,624,950
2,549,254
2,193,923
1,718,912
22
21
21
21
State-based Marketplaces
New Consumers: SBMs
989,303
699,594
685,525
661,385
19
17
16
18
Returning Consumers Re-enrolling
in Coverage: SBMs
4,093,714
3,453,814
3,569,916
3,091,277
81
83
84
82
Active Re-enrollees: SBMs
1,147,643
975,531
1,062,070
865,179
23
23
25
23
Automatic Re-enrollees: SBMs
2,946,071
2,478,283
2,507,846
2,226,098
58
60
59
59
Total Plan Selections: All
Marketplaces
21,446,150
16,357,030
14,511,077
12,004,365
100
100
100
100
Total Plan Selections: HC.gov
Marketplaces
16,363,133
12,203,622
10,255,636
8,251,703
100
100
100
100
Total Plan Selections: SBMs
5,083,017
4,153,408
4,255,441
3,752,662
100
100
100
100
CONSUMERS APPLYING FOR AND SELECTING PLANS: DETAILS
Table 4 shows metrics at the individual level for those who requested coverage on submitted Marketplace
applications for the 2021 to 2024 OEPs. During the 2024 OEP, 68% of applicants requesting coverage through the
Marketplaces were determined eligible to make a Marketplace plan selection, compared to 69% during the 2023 OEP.
On the HealthCare.gov platform, 96% of applicants were determined eligible to make a Marketplace plan selection,
and 41% of applicants using the SBMs were determined eligible to make a Marketplace plan selection. The percentage
of consumers who requested coverage through HealthCare.gov and were preliminarily determined eligible for their
state’s Medicaid or CHIP fell by 1 percentage point from 5% in the 2023 OEP to 4% in the 2024 OEP.
Table 4: Marketplace Application Activity and Eligibility for 2021 to 2024
Count
2024
Count
2023
Count
2022
Count
2021
% of
Total
2024
% of
Total
2023
% of
Total
2022
% of
Total
2021
Consumers Requesting Coverage on
Applications Submitted: All Marketplaces
38,036,483 27,653,188 25,830,064 22,415,477
100
100
100
100
Marketplace Eligible: All Marketplaces
25,854,241
19,191,464 17,485,459 14,925,762
68
69
68
67
HealthCare.gov Marketplaces
Consumers Requesting Coverage on
Applications Submitted: HC.gov
Marketplaces
18,568,083 14,036,572 12,194,577
10,161,816
100
100
100
100
Marketplace Eligible: HC.gov Marketplaces
17,795,305 13,324,638
11,486,135
9,479,261
96
95
94
93
Medicaid/CHIP Eligible: HC.gov
Marketplaces
831,411
746,999
743,544
762,533
4
5
6
8
State-based Marketplaces
8
Consumers Requesting Coverage on
Applications Submitted: SBMs
19,468,400
13,616,616
13,635,487
12,253,661
100
100
100
100
Marketplace Eligible: SBMs
8,058,936
5,866,826
5,999,324
5,446,501
41
43
44
44
8
Most State-based Marketplaces have integrated eligibility systems with their state Medicaid. In those states, consumers requesting coverage on applications
submitted includes applications received for modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) Medicaid renewals, in addition to QHP renewal applications and new
applications. Some SBMs do not report on consumers determined eligible for Medicaid/CHIP and, thus, a total number is not provided here. See PUF definitions
for more information.
Table 5 shows demographic and plan characteristics among consumers who
selected or were automatically re-enrolled in a Marketplace plan during the 2024,
2023, 2022, and 2021 OEPs. The percentage of consumers with a household income
between 100% and 150% FPL in 2024 increased by 7 percentage points from 37% in
2023. Moreover, it grew by 12 percentage points from 32% in 2021 to 44% in 2024.
7% (1.5 million) of plan selections for the 2024 OEP included consumers with a
household income over 400% FPL.
Some of the continued increase in the percentage of consumers receiving financial
assistance in 2024 can be attributed to impacts of the IRA. Nationally, during the
2024 OEP, 92% of consumers had their premiums reduced by APTC compared to
90% in the 2023 OEP and 85% in the 2021 OEP. Split by Marketplace type, 95% of
HealthCare.gov consumers and 83% of SBM consumers selected plans with APTC,
compared to 88% and 78%, respectively, in 2021. During the 2024 OEP, 50% of all
Marketplace consumers selected plans with CSRs in comparison to 48% in 2023.
41% of 2024 OEP HealthCare.gov enrollees selected plans that cover 94% of their
expected health care costs - 94% actuarial value (AV) - an increase of 4 percentage
points from 2023.
Table 5: Demographic and Plan Characteristics of Consumers with OEP Plan
Selections (HealthCare.gov Marketplaces and SBMs, Unless Otherwise Noted)
% of Total
2024
9
% of Total
2023
9
% of Total
2021
9
Age
< 18
10
9
9
18 - 34
27
25
25
35 - 54
38
37
36
55+
26
29
30
Gender
Female
52
53
54
Male
48
47
46
Location: HealthCare.gov States
Rural
18
18
18
Non-rural
82
82
82
9
Totals may not sum to 100% due to rounding.
% of Total
2024
9
% of Total
2023
9
% of Total
2021
9
Household Income
10
< 100%
2
1
2
≥ 100% and ≤ 150%
44
37
32
≥ 100% and ≤ 138%
32
26
NA
> 150% and ≤ 250%
29
29
34
> 250% and ≤ 400%
15
19
20
> 400% FPL
7
8
3
Other Household Income
11
4
5
9
Financial Assistance
With APTC: All Marketplaces
92
90
85
HealthCare.gov Marketplaces
95
93
88
SBMs
83
82
78
With CSR: All Marketplaces
10
50
48
47
HealthCare.gov Marketplace
53
52
51
73% AV
2
3
4
87% AV
9
11
12
94% AV
41
37
34
American Indian/Alaskan
Native
<1
<1
1
SBMs
10
39
35
39
Metal Level
Catastrophic
<1
<1
1
Bronze
31
32
35
Silver
54
54
55
Gold
13
12
8
Platinum
1
1
1
10
Idaho has been excluded from 2021 household income metrics as Idaho’s household income data for 2021 was not
available at the time of this report. Nevada has been excluded from 2022 CSR metrics as Nevada’s CSR data for
2022 was not available at the time of this report.
11
Other household income includes plan selections for which consumers were not requesting financial assistance
and unknown household income.
Table 6 provides race and ethnicity demographics for all consumers who enrolled in Marketplace plans during OEPs
2021 to 2024. Aligned with the overall increase in total plan selections, there was a corresponding rise in the number
of individuals identifying as Hispanic/Latino or Black. Based on primary data available in the accompanying PUFs,
among consumers who reported their ethnicity or race (constituting 50% of total plan selections) during the 2024
OEP, enrollees identifying as Hispanic/Latino increased by 17%, and those identifying as Black increased by 16% from
2023 to 2024. As a percentage of total plan selections, among consumers who reported a race or ethnicity, 22%
identified as Hispanic/Latino in the 2024 OEP, compared to 21% in the 2023 OEP. The proportion of consumers who
self-reported as Black, Non-Hispanic remained constant at 9% for 2024, 2023, and 2022.
Table 6: Race and Ethnicity Demographics of Consumers with OEP Plan Selections
% of Total
2024
12
% of Total
2023
12
% of Total
2022
12
% of Total
2021
12
Race/Ethnicity: All Marketplaces
13
Race/Ethnicity Known
50
59
66
69
Hispanic/Latino
22
21
19
18
White, Non-Hispanic
53
54
55
57
Black, Non-Hispanic
9
9
9
8
Asian, Non-Hispanic
11
11
12
13
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Non-
Hispanic
<1
<1
<1
<1
American Indian/Alaska Native, Non-
1
1
1
1
12
Totals may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Race and Ethnicity data for 2022 was revised to include all states with available data for the 2022 OEP;
therefore, these numbers may not match what was previously published. The 2022 OEP report excluded Colorado.
13
Some SBM applications do not include Other or Multi-Racial as an option. SBM Race and Ethnicity breakouts for the 2022 OEP do not add up to total plan
selections because WA reports consumers choosing more than one race in multiple categories. SBM Race and Ethnicity breakouts for the 2021 OEP do not add
up to total plan selections as NY, VT, and WA reported consumers choosing more than one race in multiple categories.
% of Total
2024
12
% of Total
2023
12
% of Total
2022
12
% of Total
2021
12
Hispanic
Other, Non-Hispanic
2
2
2
NA
Multi-Racial, Non-Hispanic
2
2
2
2
Race/Ethnicity Unknown, Non-Hispanic
50
41
34
31
CONSUMER PREMIUMS AND FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
Table 7 shows the average premiums for consumers who made Marketplace plan
selections during the 2021 to 2024 OEPs. Nationally, the average monthly premium
after APTC decreased by 14% from $129 in 2023 and by 32% from $164 in 2021 to
$111 in 2024. 44% of consumers selected a plan for $10 or less per month after APTC
in 2024. The average monthly APTC for all consumers increased to $536 in 2024,
representing a 2% increase from $526 in 2023 and an 11% increase from $485 in
2021.
The average monthly premium after APTC for HealthCare.gov consumers fell 43%,
from $143 in 2021 to $81 in 2024. The continued expansion of financial assistance
for consumers resulted in an 8% increase of the average monthly APTC amount for
HealthCare.gov enrollees who selected plans with APTC, from $509 in 2021 to $548
in 2024. As a result, in the 2024 OEP, 51% of all HealthCare.gov consumers had a plan
selection with a premium of $10 or less per month after APTC, compared to 40% in
2023.
In the SBMs, the average monthly premium after APTC was $207 in 2024, and 20% of
consumers selected plans that were $10 or less per month after APTC. Some SBMs,
including those in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New
Jersey, New Mexico, Vermont, and Washington, apply state subsidies in addition to
APTC and/or CSRs to further reduce the cost sharing that consumers pay. These cost
reductions are not reflected in this data.
Table 7: Average Monthly Premium before and after APTC
% of Plan
Selections
with ≤$10
Monthly
Premium
after APTC
% of
Consumers
with APTC
Average
Monthly
Premium
after APTC
Average
Monthly
Premium
before
APTC
Average
Monthly
APTC
Amount
for
Consumers
Receiving
APTC
All Marketplaces
2024
44%
92%
$111
$605
$536
2023
35%
90%
$129
$605
$526
2022
14
28%
89%
$133
$585
$505
2021
14
NA
85%
$164
$579
$485
HealthCare.gov Marketplaces
2024
51%
95%
$81
$602
$548
2023
40%
93%
$102
$607
$542
2022
32%
92%
$111
$594
$524
2021
18%
88%
$143
$590
$509
State-based Marketplaces
15
2024
20%
83%
$207
$615
$492
2023
18%
82%
$209
$598
$473
2022
14
19%
83%
$188
$563
$452
2021
14
NA
78%
$210
$553
$426
14
Nevada has been excluded from average APTC and average premium metrics for 2021 and 2022 as this data was
not available at the time of this report.
15
Premiums in SBMs do not reflect state subsidies available in some SBMs, which are applied in addition to APTC
to further lower premiums for consumers.
Figure 3 illustrates the distributions of monthly premiums after APTC for
HealthCare.gov consumers during the 2021-2024 OEPs. In 2024, coverage became
more affordable for consumers compared to the preceding three OEPs. During the
2024 OEP, 42% (6.8 million) of consumers selected plans with a $0 monthly premium
after APTC. This percentage represents an increase from 32% (3.8 million), 22% (2.1
million), and 14% (1.1 million) in the 2023, 2022, and 2021 OEPs, respectively.
Additionally, 69% of 2024 OEP consumers had premiums of $50 or less after APTC,
representing an increase of over 8.0 million consumers compared to 2021.
Figure 3: 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 OEP Premium Distribution in
HealthCare.gov Marketplaces
16
16
The distribution of monthly premiums after APTC for the 2021 OEP excludes Kentucky, Maine, and New
Mexico, reflecting each state's transition to a SBM for the 2022 coverage year. Similarly, the distribution of monthly
premiums after APTC for the 2021 OEP has been adjusted to exclude Virginia, reflecting the state's transition to a
SBM for the 2024 coverage year. Furthermore, the distribution of monthly premiums after APTC for the 2022 and
2023 OEPs has been adjusted to exclude Virginia, aligning with the state's transition to a SBM for the 2024
coverage year. These adjustments may result in differences from previously published data.
14%
22%
32%
42%
28%
33%
29%
28%
18%
15%
12%
9%
22%
17%
14%
11%
18%
14%
13%
10%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2021 OEP 2022 OEP 2023 OEP 2024 OEP
Distribution of Plan Selections
>$250
>$100 - ≤$250
>$50 - ≤$100
>$0 - ≤$50
$0
Net
Premium
Ranges
Table 8 shows that, on average, consumers receiving APTC in 2024 are seeing more
than $700 per year in premium savings due to the IRA’s continuation of the ARP’s
APTC expansion. The estimate assumes that the same demographic composition of
enrollment and plan choices would exist without the IRA. Using the savings amounts
for 2024 OEP HealthCare.gov consumers receiving APTC and applying the estimated
national income distribution for consumers receiving APTC, the average monthly
savings for 2024 is approximately $59, which equates to an annual total of $705. As
a result of the ARP/IRA subsidy enhancements, consumers below 150% FPL generally
have access to a $0 or near-$0 2024 plan option.
Table 8: Estimated Consumer APTC Savings due to the ARP and IRA by Income
Category
Income
Category
(% of FPL)
Estimated Average
Monthly Premium
Savings from
ARP/IRA APTC
Expansion
17
Estimated Average
Yearly Premium
Savings from
ARP/IRA APTC
Expansion
Estimated Percent of
OEP Plan Selections
with APTC
18
Total
$59
$705
100%
<100%
$9
$113
1%
100-138%
$19
$232
34%
>138-150%
$44
$531
13%
>150-200%
$57
$679
18%
17
The Average Monthly 2024 Premium without ARP/IRA Expansion metric calculates APTC assuming a
consumers’ income, family composition, and OE 2024 plan selection remain the same. However, in the absence of
the expanded APTC available from the ARP/IRA, some consumers would choose not to enroll at all and others
would select less generous plans with lower premiums. APTC is calculated with the applicable percentages that
would be in effect without the ARP/IRA. For coverage year 2024, the applicable percentages at 26 CFR 1.36B-
3(g)(2) would be multiplied by 0.8827984162, the rate of premium growth relative to the rate of income growth for
2013 to 2023 (calculated using the NHEA Projections, 2021-2030, available at: https://www.cms.gov/data-
research/statistics-trends-and-reports/national-health-expenditure-data/projected) as of June 2023, and the
methodology used to calculate the same rates of growth in the Premium Adjustment Percentage guidance for the
2024 benefit year published by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services on December 12, 2022, available at:
https://www.cms.gov/files/document/2024-papi-parameters-guidance-2022-12-12.pdf). Estimates are based on
HealthCare.gov state data only.
18
The Estimated Percent of 2024 OEP Plan Selections with APTC is equal to the product of the total plan selections
in each income category (for all states) and the percent of plan selections with APTC in the given income category,
using HealthCare.gov data for the latter percents.
Income
Category
(% of FPL)
Estimated Average
Monthly Premium
Savings from
ARP/IRA APTC
Expansion
17
Estimated Average
Yearly Premium
Savings from
ARP/IRA APTC
Expansion
Estimated Percent of
OEP Plan Selections
with APTC
18
>200-250%
$70
$837
12%
>250-300%
$72
$866
8%
>300-400%
$40
$479
8%
>400%
$354
$4,248
5%
Table 9 details average 2024 monthly premiums for consumers with APTC in
HealthCare.gov Marketplaces due to the IRA’s continuation of the ARP’s APTC
expansion. The table also simulates what the average monthly premium would be
for each HealthCare.gov Marketplace without the ARP/IRA APTC expansion,
assuming the same level and demographic composition of enrollment and plan
choices. The IRA’s continued APTC expansion reduces the average monthly premium
for consumers receiving APTC in 2024 by 48%, or $52 per month. In 29 of the 32
HealthCare.gov Marketplaces, APTC consumers are saving at least 40% on monthly
premiums, on average, due to the IRA APTC expansion. In 26 HealthCare.gov
Marketplaces, the difference in the actual average monthly 2024 premium with APTC
under current law and the average monthly 2024 premium without the IRA’s APTC
expansion is at least $50.
Table 9: Estimated HealthCare.gov Consumer APTC Savings due to ARP and
IRA by State
19,20
State
Actual
Average
Monthly
2024
Premium
with
ARP/IRA
APTC
Expansion
Average
Monthly
2024
Premium
without
ARP/IRA
APTC
Expansion
Average
Monthly
2024
APTC
Amount
for
Consumers
Receiving
APTC
$
Premium
Savings
from
ARP/IRA
APTC
Expansion
%
Premium
Savings
from
ARP/IRA
APTC
Expansion
Total
$56
$108
$548
$52
48%
Alaska
$122
$275
$865
$153
56%
Alabama
$55
$106
$656
$51
48%
Arkansas
$82
$151
$476
$69
46%
Arizona
$75
$140
$452
$64
46%
Delaware
$147
$247
$585
$100
41%
Florida
$49
$93
$568
$44
47%
Georgia
$52
$96
$531
$44
46%
Hawaii
$183
$273
$544
$90
33%
Iowa
$93
$183
$507
$90
49%
Illinois
$141
$227
$545
$86
38%
Indiana
$82
$149
$452
$67
45%
Kansas
$77
$136
$561
$59
44%
Louisiana
$65
$130
$647
$64
50%
Michigan
$98
$167
$426
$69
41%
Missouri
$61
$127
$594
$66
52%
Mississippi
$25
$65
$592
$41
62%
19
The Average Monthly 2024 Premium without the ARP/IRA Expansion metric calculates APTC assuming a
consumers’ income, family composition, and OE 2024 plan selection remaining the same. However, in the absence
of the expanded APTC available from the ARP/IRA, some consumers would choose not to enroll at all and others
would select less generous plans with lower premiums. APTC is calculated with the applicable percentages that
would be in effect without the ARP/IRA. For coverage year 2024, the IRS published these applicable percentages in
Revenue Procedure 23-29 (https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-drop/rp-23-29.pdf).
20
Table 9 only includes data for HealthCare.gov consumers receiving APTC in 2024.
State
Actual
Average
Monthly
2024
Premium
with
ARP/IRA
APTC
Expansion
Average
Monthly
2024
Premium
without
ARP/IRA
APTC
Expansion
Average
Monthly
2024
APTC
Amount
for
Consumers
Receiving
APTC
$
Premium
Savings
from
ARP/IRA
APTC
Expansion
%
Premium
Savings
from
ARP/IRA
APTC
Expansion
Montana
$112
$203
$504
$91
45%
North Carolina
$55
$111
$558
$56
51%
North Dakota
$99
$189
$433
$90
48%
Nebraska
$93
$184
$580
$92
50%
New Hampshire
$124
$197
$350
$74
37%
Ohio
$81
$148
$498
$67
45%
Oklahoma
$57
$115
$575
$57
50%
Oregon
$164
$275
$524
$112
41%
South Carolina
$50
$99
$553
$49
50%
South Dakota
$92
$199
$611
$108
54%
Tennessee
$45
$90
$580
$45
50%
Texas
$33
$71
$536
$38
54%
Utah
$48
$104
$421
$55
54%
Wisconsin
$117
$217
$572
$100
46%
West Virginia
$88
$205
$1,035
$117
57%
Wyoming
$80
$236
$863
$156
66%
Appendix
Public Use Files
Public Use Files Contents: More information on applications and plan selections is
available in a suite of accompanying public use files (PUFs). The PUFs contain
information on applications submitted and the number of medical and stand-alone
dental plan selections by state, county, and ZIP code. The 2024 OEP state-level PUF
includes other plan and demographic information, including the metal level of
selected plans, premium and financial assistance information, age, gender, rural
location, self-reported race and ethnicity, and household income as a percentage of
the FPL. Within the 2024 OEP state, metal level, and enrollment status PUF, data are
stratified by new, returning, and automatically re-enrolled consumers and by plan
metal level. The methodology for this report and detailed metric definitions are
included in the materials for the PUFs.
An additional PUF is available for HealthCare.gov plan selections, including
deductibles, HSA eligibility, and standardized plan option selection rates.
The PUFs can be found at: https://www.cms.gov/data-research/statistics-trends-
and-reports/marketplace-products/2024-marketplace-open-enrollment-period-
public-use-files